八上语文第一学期复习资料.doc
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1、八年级下册 Unit 10 Its a nice day ,isnt it ? 学案语法:反意疑问句一) 含义:反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它是在陈述句之后附加一个简短的问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出疑问或征求对方的意见。二)构成:反意疑问句由两部分构成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,前后两部分的人称,数,时态必须保持一致。简短疑问句的主语必须用相应的人称代词。三)原则:反意疑问句遵循 “ 前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则。即:1陈述句部分为肯定时,疑问部分为否定。 2陈述句部分为否定时,疑问部分为肯定。They work hard, dont they? Harris was i
2、ll yesterday, wasnt she? You didnt go. did you? He cant ride a bike, can he? He is a student, isnt he?四)答语:应根据实际情况回答:若事实是肯定的,就用yes;若事实是否定的,就用no.(即答语的两部分是:“肯,+肯”或“否,+否”一致原则)但在前否后肯的反意疑问句的答语中,yes要翻译成“不”;no要翻译成“是”。 -You cant speak English, can you? 你不会讲英语,是吗?-Yes,I can. 不,我会。五)反意疑问句的特殊用法1.当陈述句为There be句
3、型时,简短问句用there作形式主语即:There be 句型中,反意疑问部分必须为be 动词 + thereThere are some apples in the basket, arent there?There isnt any milk left, is there?2.当陈述部分有never, hardly,few,little, nothing,none, no, nobody, seldom,neither等否定意义的词汇时,后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式:There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly sw
4、im, can he?They seldom come late, do they?He has never been to Shanghai, has he ?3.当陈述部分含有否定意思的词如:unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,等,看做肯定句处理,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:He looks unhappy,doesnt he? 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?The girl dislikes history,doesnt she? 这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗?4.含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中,简短问句应与主句相一致。例如:He said that he would le
5、ave here tomorrow, didnt he?当主句为“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等) + 宾语从句”, 反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,如果主句是否定式,简短问句要用肯定式,反之亦然。(即:当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句) 例:I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he?I dont think you have heard of him before, have you? 我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗?注:当think等
6、这些动词的主语不是第一人称,或主语是第一人称,而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时,这时,反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。例 Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesnt she? 玛丽认为你将来参加晚会,是吗?5.祈使句1)当陈述部分是肯定祈使句时,可用will you 或wont you ;当陈述部分是否定祈使句时,问句可用will you 或can you 。Dont do that again, will you?Dont open the door, will you?Go with me, will you / wont
7、 you ?注意: Lets 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?例如:Lets try again, shall we?Let us help you, will you?6.含有Must的句子:当陈述部分有情态动词must时,则要根据must的实际意义来决定简短问句的形式:(1)mustnt表示“禁止,不可,不必”,附加问句通常要用must.You mustnt stop your car here, must you?你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?(2)当must表示推测时,意为“一定”,简短问句要和must后面的主要动词相呼应。He m
8、ust be good at English, isn he? 他英语一定学得很好,是吗?She must be a good English teacher, isnt she? 她一定是位优秀的英语老师,是吗?7.陈述句的主语是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用they(当强调全体时)或he(当强调个体时)。如果陈述句的主语是something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代词时,反意疑问部分的主语多用it。如: No one knows him, do they? Someone
9、is waiting for you, isnt he? Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesnt it? 简单的说:反意疑问句的结构:陈述句+简短疑问句附加疑问句原则:1.前肯后否,前否后肯2.前名后代,时态一致3.不管问法,事实回答练习: ( )1. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. shall we B. will you C. wont you D. do you ( )
10、2. There is little juice in the glass, _? A. is there B. isnt there C. is it ( )3.-This bus is always late, _? -Sure, it is. A. is not it B. isnt it C. isnt the bus D. doesnt it ( )4.-Youre new here, _? -Yes, Im from Dujiangyan. I came here last week. A. do you B. dont you C. are you D. arent you (
11、)5. He has never watched such an important match , _ he? A. hasnt B. has C. is D. isnt ( )6.They have to work at once,_ they? A. have B. havent C. do D. dont ( )7. She often feels tired,_ she? A. doesnt B. does C. is D. isnt ( )8. Lets take a short rest, _? A. do we B. arent we C. will you D. shall
12、we ( )9. Hundreds of people lost their lives in the accident,_ they? A. dont B. didnt C. do D. did ( )10. -Lily didnt come to school, did she? -_. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didnt. D. Yes, she didnt ( )11.-She isnt a teacher, is she? -_. She works in a hospital. A
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