英语入门基础知识ppt课件.ppt

1、1 2 英语词性缩写 n = 名词，noun的缩写 v = 动词， verb的缩写 u = 不可数名词，uncountable noun的缩写 c = 可数名词，countable noun的缩写 vi = 不及物动词，intransitive verb的缩写 vt = 及物动词，transitive verb的缩写 model verb 情态动词 3 英语词性缩写 conj = 连接词 ，conjunction的缩写 adj. = 形容词，adjective的缩写 adv. = 副词，adverb的缩写 prep. = 介词；preposition的缩写 pron. = 代名词，pronou

2、n的缩写 aux.v = 助动词 ，auxiliary verb的缩写 art. = 冠词，article的缩写 4 英文基本句式 五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。 S十V 主谓结构 S十V十P 主系表结构 S十V十O 主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 (说明：S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语 O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C补语) 5 1S十V 在此句式中，V是不及物动词 He runs quickly他跑得快。 They listened carefully他们听得很仔细. He suffered from cold and hunger他挨

3、冻受 饿。 China belongs to the third world country中 国属于第三世界国家。 英文基本句式 6 2S十V十P V是系动词 (look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get/ fall ill/asleep, stand/sit still, become, turn) He is older than he looks The story sounds interesting You have grown taller than before He has suddenly fallen

4、ill He becomes a teacher when he grew up 英文基本句式 7 3S十V十O V是及物动词 I saw a film yesterday They found their home easily They built a house last year 英文基本句式 8 4S十V十O1十O2 带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer ，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get He gave me a book/a book to me He offered me his seat/his seat to me He lend me his bike 英文基本句式 9 5S十V十O十C 作宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短 语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词 。 They made the girl angry They found her happy that day I found him out/in They named the boy Charlie They felt the car moving fast I heard the glass broken just now 英文基本句式 10