1、Chapter 1 Definition and Varieties of Public Speaking目录目录CONTENT01Warm-up Questions02Definition of Public Speaking03 Types of Public Speaking04Types of Persuasive Speeches05Exercises Warm-up QuestionsAWhat do you think is public speaking?And on what occasions is public speaking needed?BWhat types of
2、 public speaking have you ever made or attended?CWhat do you think are the major differences between public speaking and a casual conversation?Definition of Public Speakingdevelopment Public speaking is in nature a vital means of communication.Throughout history people have used public speaking to s
3、hare with others information,to convey their ideas and to influence others.According to Stephen E.Lucas,pubic speaking is a way of making your ideas public.Definition Types of Public SpeakingTypes of public speakingInformative speechesPersuasive speeches on Questions of FactsSpeeches About EventsSpe
4、eches About Processeson Questions of Valueon Questions of PolicySpeeches About ObjectsSpeeches About ConceptsSpeeches About Objects:Principle:find a specific purpose of your speech and do not be too general.Three ways to organize informative speeches:1.Chronological order2.Topical order3.Spatial ord
5、er01Speeches About Processes:be specific when choosing a topic;Two types:1.The aim is to facilitate the audiences comprehension of how it happens or works2.The goal is to make your audience grasp a new skillVisual aid is crucialChronological order&topical order02Speeches About Events:An event is som
6、ething that happens,especially something important or unusual.Two ways:1.Chronological order2.Casual order03Speeches About ConceptsConcepts are abstract and complicated.It is important not to use academic or technical expressions,but to take advantage of vivid examples and other effective means.1.To
7、pical order2.Enumerate different schools or academic branchesThe key:clear,logical and comprehensible 04Informative Speeches The boundaries that distinguish informative speeches about objects,processes,events,and concepts are not absolute or unconditional.In some cases,subjects classified into one c
8、ategory also fit into other categories.Persuasive Speeches The primary goal is to get your audience to agree with your point of view concerning a specific topic or at least to change their attitudes to some degree.What helps?Interviews SurveysQuestionnaires Skills:To capitalize on emotional appeal P
9、ersuasive Speeches on Questions of FactsFact is a piece of information that is known to be true.Aim:To emphasize and advocate certain aspect of the facts and refute or oppose some other competing aspects.It is generally organized topically with main points stated respectively.01Persuasive Speeches o
10、n Questions of ValueQuestions of value involve not only matters of facts,but also personal value judgment.Pay close attention to the standards for your value judgment.Process:1.Establish the standards for your value judgment2.Focus on the application of the standards to justify your claimStrong logi
11、cal relation between value judgment and actions02Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Policy:Largely depend on facts and value judgmentTwo types:1.To get your audiences agreement with your advocacy of certain policy2.Seek immediate action from the audienceThree crucial factors:need,plan and practical
12、ity03Types of Persuasive SpeechesExercises1.How do you think this course in public speaking may help you in your study and future career?2.Pair up with your partner,and take turns to explain the four categories of informative speeches and three kinds of persuasive speeches and the important factors
13、that are crucial to the success of the two kinds of public speaking.Exercise 1 Review Questions Exercise 2 To form groups and each group is to choose a general topic.The general topics are:Each individual member will choose a more specific subject related to the general topic of his or her group and go along with each step of the coursework,and eventually produce a speech.ii1.Environment 5.Science 2.College education 6.Success 3.Internet 7.morality4.Tradition 8.Hobby i
个人主页
