神曲全文译读P1248.pdf

1、 神曲全文译读 The Divine Comedy 神曲英汉双语版 1/1248 目目 录录 INTRODUCTORY NOTE 简介 1 INFERNOHELL:地狱.5 CANTO I.5 CANTO II.19 CANTO III.33 CANTO IV.46 CANTO V.61 CANTO VI.75 CANTO VII.87 CANTO VIII.101 CANTO IX.114 CANTO X.127 CANTO XI.141 CANTO XII.154 CANTO XIII.168 CANTO XIV.184 CANTO XV.198 CANTO XVI.211 CANTO X

2、VII.225 CANTO XVIII.238 CANTO XIX.252 CANTO XX.265 CANTO XXI.279 CANTO XXIII.308 CANTO XXIV.323 CANTO XXV.338 CANTO XXVI.348 CANTO XXVII.359 CANTO XXVIII.368 CANTO XXIX.378 CANTO XXX.389 CANTO XXXI.400 CANTO XXXII.410 CANTO XXXIII.421 神曲英汉双语版 1/1248 CANTO XXXIV.432 PURGATORY 炼狱.442 CANTO I.442 CANTO

3、 II.453 CANTO III.462 CANTO IV.473 CANTO V.482 CANTO VI.492 CANTO VII.503 CANTO VIII.513 CANTO IX.523 CANTO X.533 CANTO XI.543 CANTO XII.553 CANTO XIII.563 CANTO XIV.574 CANTO XV.585 CANTO XVI.596 CANTO XVII.607 CANTO XVIII.618 CANTO XIX.628 CANTO XX.639 CANTO XXI.649 CANTO XXII.660 CANTO XXIII.671

4、CANTO XXIV.680 CANTO XXV.692 CANTO XXVI.701 CANTO XXVII.712 CANTO XXVIII.722 CANTO XXIX.733 CANTO XXX.744 CANTO XXXI.754 CANTO XXXII.765 CANTO XXXIII.777 PARADISE 天堂.787 CANTO I.787 CANTO II.797 CANTO III.808 CANTO IV.817 神曲英汉双语版 2/1248 CANTO V.827 CANTO VI.837 CANTO VII.848 CANTO VIII.858 CANTO IX.

5、869 CANTO X.880 CANTO XI.890 CANTO XII.900 CANTO XIII.910 CANTO XIV.919 CANTO XV.928 CANTO XVI.938 CANTO XVII.949 CANTO XVIII.959 CANTO XIX.969 CANTO XX.979 CANTO XXI.989 CANTO XXII.999 CANTO XXIII.1010 CANTO XXIV.1019 CANTO XXV.1030 CANTO XXVI.1040 CANTO XXVII.1050 CANTO XXVIII.1061 CANTO XXIX.1070

6、 CANTO XXX.1081 CANTO XXXI.1091 CANTO XXXII.1100 CANTO XXXIII.1110 GLOSSARY 术语表.1119 Annotation 注释.1125 神曲英汉双语版 1/1248 INTRODUCTORY NOTE 简介 MUCH of the life of Dante Alighieri is obscure,and the known facts are surrounded by a haze of legend and conjecture.He was born in Florence in 1265,of a family

7、 noble but not wealthy.His early education is a matter of inference,but we know that he learned the art of writing verse from the poets of France and Provence,and that after he reached manhood he devoted much time to study and became profoundly learned.As a young man he saw military service and shar

8、ed in the recreations of his contemporaries;and he married some time before he was thirty-two.In Dantes day politics in Florence were exciting and dangerous;and after a few years of participation in public affairs he was condemned to death by his political enemies in 1302.He saved himself by exile,a

9、nd never returned to his native town.The rest of his life was mainly spent wandering about the north of Italy,in Verona,Bologna,Pisa,但丁阿利吉耶里的大部分生活都是模糊的，已知的事实被传说和猜测的阴霾所包围。1265 年，他出生于佛罗伦萨一个贵族家庭，但并不富裕。他的早期教育是一种推断，但我们知道，他从法国和普罗旺斯的诗人那里学会了写诗的艺术，成年后，他花了很多时间学习，变得博学。年轻时，他服兵役，参加同时代人的娱乐活动;他在 32 岁之前结了婚。在但丁的时代，佛

10、罗伦萨的政治既刺激又危险;在参与公共事务几年后，他于 1302 年被政敌判处死刑。他通过流亡来自救，再也没有回到他的家乡。他的余生主要是在意大利北部游荡，在维罗纳、博洛尼亚、比萨、卢卡，最后在拉文纳度过，并于 1321年在拉文纳去世。在流亡期间，他找到了慷慨的赞助人，比如 神曲英汉双语版 2/1248 Lucca,and finally Ravenna,where he died in 1321.During the years of his exile he found generous patrons in men like the heads of the Scala family in

11、 Verona and Guido Novello da Polenta in Ravenna;and at Bologna and elsewhere he was welcomed as a teacher.In the early part of the century in which Dante was born,the literary language of Tuscany was still Latin,and not the least of his services to his country was his influence in finally establishi

12、ng the dignity of Italian as a medium for great literature.He himself used Latin in at least three works:his lecture“De Aquaet Terra”;his“De Monarchia,”in which he expounded his political theory of the relation of the Empire and the Papacy;and his unfinished“De Vulgari Eloquentia,”containing his def

13、ense of the use of Italian.More important,however,were his two great works in the vernacular,the“Vita Nuova,”a series of poems with prose commentary,on his love for Beatrice,and the“Divina Commedia.”The Beatrice,real or ideal,who plays so important a part in the poetry of Dante,is 维罗纳的斯卡拉家族的首领和拉文纳的圭

14、多诺韦洛达波伦塔;在博洛尼亚和其他地方，他受到老师的欢迎。在但丁出生的那个世纪的早期，托斯卡纳的文学语言仍然是拉丁语，他对他的国家的贡献中最重要的一点是他最终确立了意大利语作为伟大文学媒介的尊严。他自己至少在三部作品中使用了拉丁语:他的演讲水的土地;在论君主制一书中，他阐述了他关于帝国与教皇关系的政治理论;以及他未完成的俗语论(De Vulgari Eloquentia)，其中包括他对意大利语使用的辩护。然而，更重要的是他用白话写的两部伟大作品:新生(Vita Nuova)和 神曲(Divina Commedia)。新生 是一系列带有散文评论的诗歌，讲述了他对比阿特丽斯的爱。比阿特丽斯，无论是

15、真实的还是理想的，在但丁的诗歌 神曲英汉双语版 3/1248 stated by Boccaccio to have been the daughter of Folco Portinari,a rich Florentine,and wife of the banker Simone dei Bardi.With this actual person Dantes acquaintance seems to have been of the slightest;but,after the fashion of the chivalric lovers of the day,e took he

16、r as the object of his ideal devotion.She became for him,especially after her death in 1290,the center of a mystical devotion of extraordinary intensity,and appears in his masterpiece as the personification of heavenly enlightenment.The“Divine Comedy”was entitled by Dante himself merely“Commedia,”“m

17、eaning a poetic composition in a style intermediate between the sustained nobility of tragedy,and the popular tone of elegy.”The word had no dramatic implication at that time,though it did involve a happy ending.The poem is the narrative of a journey down through Hell,up the mountain of Purgatory,an

18、d through the revolving heavens into the presence of God.In this aspect it belongs to the two familiar medieval literary types of the Journey and the Vision.It is also an allegory,representing under the symbolism of the 中扮演着重要的角色，薄伽丘说她是富尔科波尔蒂纳里的女儿，富尔科 波尔蒂纳里是一个富有的佛罗伦萨人，是银行家西蒙娜戴巴迪的妻子。但丁对这个人的认识似乎微乎其微;但

19、是，按照当时的骑士情人的风格，他把她当作自己理想的爱情对象。对他来说，尤其是在 1290 年她去世后，她成为了一种异常强烈的神秘崇拜的中心，并在他的杰作中作为天堂启蒙的化身出现。神曲被但丁自己命名为“喜剧”，“意思是一种介于悲剧的持久高贵和挽歌的通俗语气之间的诗歌作品。”这个词在当时没有戏剧性的含义，虽然它确实包含了一个幸福的结局。这首诗讲述了一段穿越地狱，爬上炼狱之山，穿过旋转的天堂，来到上帝面前的旅程。在这方面，它属于两种熟悉的中世纪文学类型的旅程和愿景。这也是一个寓言，在象征主义下，它代表了人类灵魂的阶段和经历，从罪恶中痛苦地挣扎 神曲英汉双语版 4/1248 stages and ex

20、periences of the journey,the history of a human soul,painfully struggling from sin through purification to the Beatific Vision.Other schemes of interpretation have been worked out and were probably intended,for Dante granted the medieval demand for a threefold and even fourfold signification in this

21、 type of writing.But the“Divine Comedy”belongs to still other literary forms than those mentioned.Professor Grandgent has pointed out that it is also an encyclopedia,a poem in praise of Woman,and an autobiography.It contains much of what Dante Knew of the ology and philosophy,of astronomy and cosmog

22、raphy,and fragments of a number of other branches of learning,so that its encyclopedic character is obvious.In making it a monument to Beatrice,he surpassed infinitely all the poetry devoted to the praise of women in an age when the deification of women was the commonplace of poetry.And finally he m

23、ade it an autobiographynot a narrative of the external events of his life,but of the agony of his soul.着，通过净化到幸福的愿景。其他的解释方案已经制定出来，可能是有意的，因为但丁同意中世纪的要求，在这种类型的写作中，有三倍甚至四倍的意义。但“神曲”仍然属于其他文学形式比上述。格兰金特教授指出，这也是一部百科全书、一首赞美女人的诗和一部自传。它包含了但丁对学和哲学、天文学和宇宙学的大部分知识，以及许多其他学科分支的片断，因此它的百科全书性质是显而易见的。在把它作为比阿特丽斯的纪念碑时，他无限地

24、超越了所有歌颂女性的诗歌，在那个时代，把女性神化是诗歌的常态。最后，他把它写成了一本自传不是对他生活中外在事件的叙述，而是对他灵魂痛苦的叙述。神曲英汉双语版 5/1248 Thus,in an altogether unique way,Dante summarizes the literature,the philosophy,the science,and the religion of the Middle Ages.Through the intensity of his capacity for experience,the splendor of his power of expr

25、ession,and the depth of his spiritural and philosophic insight,he at once sums up and transcends a whole era of human history.因此，但丁以一种完全独特的方式总结了中世纪的文学、哲学、科学和宗教。通过他强烈的体验能力，卓越的表达能力，以及深刻的精神和哲学洞察力，他立刻总结并超越了人类历史的整个时代。INFERNOINFERNOHELLHELL:地狱地狱 CANTO I ARGUMENT.The writer,having lost his way in a gloomy

26、forest,and being hindered by certain wild beasts from ascending a mountain,is met by Virgil,who promises to show him the punishments of Hell,and afterward of Purgatory;and that he shall then be conducted by Beatrice into Paradise.He follows the Roman poet.论点。作家在阴暗的森林里迷了路，又被某些野兽拦住，无法上山，维吉尔来迎接他，答应让他看看

27、地狱和炼狱的惩罚;然后由贝雅特丽齐领他进入天堂。他追随罗马诗人。神曲英汉双语版 6/1248 IN the midway 注 1 of this our mortal life,在我们凡人的生命中，I found me in a gloomy wood,astray 我在阴暗的树林里迷路了 Gone from the path direct:and een to tell,离开了正路，而我却要告诉你，It were no easy task,how savage wild 这可不是件容易的事，多么野蛮 That forest,how robust and rough its growth,那片

28、森林，生长得多么粗壮，Which to remember only,my dismay 只记得哪一个，我的沮丧 Renews,in bitterness not far from death.在苦难中重生，离死亡不远。Yet,to discourse of what there good befel,然而，要谈论美好的事物，All else will I relate discoverd there.其他一切我都将在那里发现。How first I enterd it I scarce can say,我是怎样第一次进入的，我几乎说不出，Such sleepy dulness in that

29、instant weighd 在那一瞬间，我感到如此困倦 神曲英汉双语版 7/1248 My senses down,when the true path I left;我的感觉下降，当我离开了真正的道路;But when a mountains foot I reachd,where closed 但当我走到山脚时，我发现它是封闭的 The valley that had pierced my heart with dread,那山谷曾使我心惊胆战，I lookd aloft,and saw his shoulders broad 我向高处望去，看见他的双肩宽阔 Already vested

30、 with that planets beam,注 2 已经拥有了那颗行星的光束，Who leads all wanderers safe through every way.他带领所有的流浪者平安走过每一条路。Then was a little respite to the fear,然后恐惧稍稍缓解了一下，That in my hearts recesses deep had lain 深深埋藏在我心底的深处 All of that night,so pitifully past:整个夜晚，就这样可怜地过去了;And as a man,with difficult short breath

31、,作为一个男人，呼吸困难，神曲英汉双语版 8/1248 Forespent with toiling,scaped from sea to shore,从海上逃到岸上，Turns to the perilous wide waste,and stands 转向危险的广阔荒原，站起来 At gaze;een so my spirit,that yet faild,在凝视;我的灵魂也是如此，Struggling with terror,turnd to view the straits 在恐惧中挣扎，回头看海峡 That none hath passed and lived.My weary fr

32、ame 没有一个过去了还活着。我疲惫的身躯 After short pause recomforted,again 短暂的停顿之后，又安慰了一下 I journeyd on over that lonely steep,我继续在那孤独的陡坡上旅行，The hinder foot 注 3 still firmer.Scarce the ascent 后脚更结实了。稀缺的上升 Began,when,lo!a panther,注 4 nimble,light,开始，什么时候，瞧!一只豹，敏捷，轻盈，And coverd with a speckled skin,appeard;披着斑点的皮肤，出现了

33、;神曲英汉双语版 9/1248 Nor,when it saw me,vanishd;rather strove 它一看见我，也没有消失;而奋斗 To check my onward going;that oft-times,来检查我的前进;oft-times,With purpose to retrace my steps,I turnd.我转过身来，打算原路返回。The hour was mornings prime,and on his way 这是早晨的黄金时刻，他正在路上 Aloft the sun ascended with those stars,注5 太阳和那些星星一起升到高处

34、，That with him rose when Love Divine first moved 当神圣之爱第一次移动的时候，它就和他一起升起 Those its fair works:so that with joyous hope 那是它美好的作品，让我们怀着欢乐的希望 All things conspired to fill me,the gay skin 所有的东西都合谋填满了我，这张快乐的皮肤 Of that swift animal,the matin dawn,那敏捷的动物，清晨的黎明，And the sweet season.Soon that joy was chased.还

35、有甜蜜的季节。很快，这种快乐就被追逐了。神曲英汉双语版 10/1248 And by new dread succeeded,when in view 新的恐惧成功了，当它出现的时候 A lion came,gainst me as it appeard,一头狮子来了，好像是冲着我来的，With his head held aloft and hunger-mad,他昂着头，饥肠辘辘，That een the air was fear-struck.A she-wolf 那时空气中充满了恐惧。一母狼 Was at his heels,who in her leanness seemd 在他的身

36、后，谁在她的瘦弱中看起来 Full of all wants,and many a land hath made 满了各样的荒物，又造了许多地 Disconsolate ere now.She with such fear 现在郁郁寡欢。她带着恐惧 Oerwhelmd me,at the sight of her appalld,啊，看到她惊恐的样子，我不知所措，That of the height all hope I lost.As one,那高处所有的希望我都失去了。作为一个,Who,with his gain elated,sees the time 谁得意洋洋地看到了时间 神曲英汉双

37、语版 11/1248 When all unawares is gone,he inwardly 当所有的无意识都消失了，他的内心 Mourns with heart-griping anguish;such was I,以揪心的痛苦哀悼;我就是这样，Haunted by that fell beast,never at peace,被那只野兽纠缠，永不安宁，Who coming oer against me,by degrees 谁来反对我，渐渐地 Impelld me where the sun in silence rests.把我推到太阳安静的地方。While to the lower

38、 space with backward step 而向下方空间后退一步 I fell,my ken discernd the form of one 我跌倒了，我的眼睛看到了一个人的样子 Whose voice seemd faint through long disuse of speech.由于长期不说话，他的声音似乎变得微弱了。When him in that great desert I espied,当我在大沙漠里看到他时，“Have mercy on me,”cried I out aloud,“可怜可怜我吧，”我大声喊道，“Spirit!or living man!whatee

39、r thou be.”“精神!或者活人!不管你是 神曲英汉双语版 12/1248 谁。”He answered:“Now not man,man once I was,他回答说:“现在不是男人了，我曾经是男人，And born of Lombard parents,Mantuans both 父母是伦巴第人，都是曼图亚人 By country,when the power of Julius yet 按国家划分，当朱利叶斯的权力尚未 Was scarcely firm.At Rome my life was past,不太坚定。在罗马，我的生命已经结束，Beneath the mild Aug

40、ustus,in the time 在温和的奥古斯都之下 Of fabled deities and false.A bard 传说中的神和虚假的神。一个吟游诗人 Was I,and made Anchises upright son 难道我是安奇塞斯正直的儿子吗 The subject of my song,who came from Troy,我这首歌的主人公来自特洛伊，When the flames preyd on Iliums haughty towers.当火焰吞噬伊利厄姆高傲的塔楼。神曲英汉双语版 13/1248 But thou,say wherefore to such pe

41、rils past 但是你，告诉我为什么这样的危险过去了 Returnst thou?wherefore not this pleasant mount 返回你的眼中暗藏杀机?为什么不是这座美丽的山 Ascendest,cause and source of all delight?”至高无上的，所有快乐的原因和源泉?”“And art thou then that Virgil,that well-spring,那么你就是那个维吉尔，那个泉水，From which such copious floods of eloquence 由此产生了如此丰富的口才 Have issued?”I wit

42、h front abashd replied.发布了吗?”我不好意思地回答。“Glory and light of all the tuneful train!“光荣与光明，所有的和谐列车!”May it avail me,that I long with zeal 我热切地盼望，这对我有帮助吗 Have sought thy volume,and with love immense 我怀着无边的爱，追寻你的体积 神曲英汉双语版 14/1248 Have connd it oer.My master thou,and guide!我已经做完了。你是我的主人，我的向导!Thou he from

43、whom alone I have derived 你是我唯一的祖先 That style,which for its beauty into fame 那种风格，使其因其美丽而闻名 Exalts me.See the beast,from whom I fled.赞扬我。看看我所逃离的野兽。O save me from her,thou illustrious sage!啊，救我脱离她，你这杰出的圣人!For every vein and pulse throughout my frame 我全身的每根血管和脉搏 She hath made tremble.”He,soon as he sa

44、w 她吓得发抖。”他一看就明白了 That I was weeping,answerd,“Thou must needs 我哭着回答说:“你一定需要 Another way pursue,if thou wouldst scape 如果你不想逃跑，就换一条路去追吧 From out that savage wilderness.This beast,从那野蛮的荒野。这个野兽,神曲英汉双语版 15/1248 At whom thou criest,her way will suffer none 你向谁哀求，他的道路必无人容留 To pass,and no less hinderance mak

45、es than death:过去，所造成的阻碍不亚于死亡;So bad and so accursed in her kind,她是那么坏，那么受诅咒，That never sated is her ravenous will,她贪婪的欲望永不满足，Still after food more craving than before.饭后还是比以前更渴望。To many an animal in wedlock vile 对许多结婚的动物来说是卑鄙的 She fastens,and shall yet to many more,她拴住了，而且还要拴住更多的人，Until that greyhou

46、nd 注 6 come,who shall destroy 直到那灭人的灰狗来到 Her with sharp pain.He will not life support 她感到一阵剧痛。他不需要生命维持系统 By earth nor its base metals,but by love,靠的不是贱金属，而是爱，神曲英汉双语版 16/1248 Wisdom,and virtue;and his land shall be 智慧和美德;他的地必归他 The land twixt either Feltro.注 7 In his might 这片土地在两个 Feltro 之间。以他的力量 Sha

47、ll safety to Italias plains arise,意大利平原的安全是否会出现，For whose fair realm,Camilla,virgin pure,为了她美丽的王国，卡米拉，纯洁的处女，Nisus,Euryalus,and Turnus fell.尼苏斯、欧律亚罗斯和图努斯都倒下了。He,with incessant chase,through every town 他不停地追赶，走遍了每一个城镇 Shall worry,until he to hell at length 他会担心，直到他最后下地狱 Restore her,thence by envy firs

48、t let loose.把她还给我，因为嫉妒，我先放了她。I,for thy profit pondering,now devise 我现在为你的利益而深思 That thou mayst follow me;and I,thy guide,你可以跟随我;而我，你的向导，神曲英汉双语版 17/1248 Will lead thee hence through an eternal space,将引领你穿越永恒的空间，Where thou shalt hear despairing shrieks,and see 你会在哪里听到绝望的尖叫，然后看到 Spirits of old tormente

49、d,who invoke 古老的精神折磨，谁调用 A second death;注 8 and those next view,who dwell 第二次死亡;而那些紧挨着的人，住在那里 Content in fire,注 9 for that they hope to come,在火中满足，因为他们希望来，Wheneer the time may be,among the blest,只要有时间，在最幸福的人中间，Into whose regions if thou then desire 如果你想进入他的领域 To ascend,a spirit worthier 注 10 than I

50、去上升，一个比我更有价值的灵魂 Must lead thee,in whose charge,when I depart,我要带领你，当我离开时，Thou shalt be left;for that Almighty King,你将被留下;为全能的王，神曲英汉双语版 18/1248 Who reigns above,a rebel to His law 谁在上面作王，悖逆他律法的呢 Adjudges me;and therefore hath decreed 宣判我;所以他下了命令 That,to His city,none through me should come.没有人能借着我进他的