1、 traditionally catch them to supplement their own low catch rates and sell them for their oil. As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists, there is less available beach land for turtle nesting.Kipondas passion has now spread to his community, changing their attitude towards sea life
2、 preservation with his “by-catch release programme.”Through this program, fishermen are now paid for returning turtles accidentally caught in their fishing nets. The healthy ones are tagged and released into the marine park while he takes care of sick and injured turtles back to health.Before the la
3、unch of pioneering spirit like this, turtles caught by fishermen were used for their meat and their oil extracted (提炼) for its medicinal properties.“Releasing the turtle back into the ocean is a very good feeling, like, you feel like youve done something concrete and I guess everybody would love to
4、do that.so I guess its unique work.”4. What was Fikiri Kipondas dream job according to the text?A. An accountant.B. A marine conservationist.C. A guide to the Watamu Conservation Project.D. An advocate for turtles.5. What may be the main threat to the turtles?A. The rising sea level. B. Being caught
5、 by tourists.C. Overdevelopment in the tourism. D. The reduction in their nesting place.6. Which of the following words can best describe Fikiri Kiponda?A. Energetic but conservative. B. Enthusiastic and caring.C. Arbitrary but considerate. D. Ambitious and knowledgeable.7. Which of the following ca
6、n be the best title for the text?A. The man saving endangered sea turtles.B. An unique job of protecting sea turtles.C. A pioneer project protecting sea animals.D. The current situation faced by sea turtles.3. Mark is always engaged in his work. But this time he felt that it was time for him to take
7、 part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area city council woman was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was on the decline. The neighborhood faced many problems. Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There were charts for parking problems
8、, crime, and for problems in empty buildings. Mark read from the charts, “Police patrols cut back, illegal parking up 20%”. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the council woman. It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big”, he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I
9、think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I can do would make a difference here.”As he neared the bus stop on his way home, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag, and a baby. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly ran into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as s
10、he moved, her bag shifted, and groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boys arm and led him back to his mother. “You gotta stay with mom,” he said. Then he picked up the stray groceries while and the woman smiled in relief. “Thanks,” she said, “Youve got great timing.” “Just being neighb
11、orly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of bus. On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe thats a good place to start.”4. What was being discussed when Mark arrived at the neighborhood meeting?A. The high price of grocery.B. The education
12、problem of children.C. The worsening of quality of life.D. The housing conditions in the community.5. Whats Marks opinion about the community problems according to the first paragraph?A. People could solve the problems by themselves.B. He didnt have the ability to solve such problems.C. He didnt hav
13、e enough time to solve the problems.D. People were too selfish to help others solve the problems.6. What does the underlined words “Small acts of kindness add up” mean in the last paragraph?A. All small acts will add up to kindness.B. Everyone should try his best to do good deeds.C. All small kind a
14、cts can make people gro where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more
15、than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.9. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph? A. To explain what they are. B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading. D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.10. What does the
16、underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The book.B. An adventure. C. A public place.D. The identification number.11. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it? A. Meet other readers to discuss it.B. Keep it safe in his bookcase. C. Pass it on to another reader.D. Mail it back
17、to its owner.来源:学科网ZXXK12. What is the best title for the text? A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new Trend C. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People through Books【答案】9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 【解析】试题分析：本文属于说明文，介绍了BookC所进行的分享图书活动的目的以及具体过程。10.A 代词指代题。根据本句“. hopi
18、ng that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it”可知，那些留下书的人希望自己的书能够随着找到它的人走得更远。可知其中的it指代前半句提到的同一事物“the book”。故A正确。11.C 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“. the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home”可知，让书蒙上尘土是一种很自私的行为，
19、网站BookC的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，所以拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。故C项正确。12.D 标题概括题。根据文章第三段可知BookC把改变人生的两种事物：遇到的人和读过的书联系在一起。D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。【名师点睛】第小题10考查了代词指代题。做这类题时我们可以根据上下文的指代关系进行选择：文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。学科网&.有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结才能得出代词所指代的事。考点：考查说明文阅读DA new collection of ph
20、otos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly first-rate photo-journalismif they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海滩), by a cameraman who had no reason
21、able expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in
22、 all, to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but h
23、ad died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scotts last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world
24、s imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Austr
25、alian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.13. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley? A. They were made last week. B. They showed undersea sceneries. C. They were found by a cameraman. D. They recorded a disastro
26、us adventure.14. Who reached the South Pole first according to the text? A. Frank Hurley.B. Ernest Shackleton. C. Robert Falcon Scott.D. Caroline Alexander.15. What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? A. Artistic creation文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（3分）A、“大洋一号”的实验室很多，就像迷宫一样B、“大洋一号”有十几个像迷宫
27、一样的实验室C、走进“大洋一号”，犹如进入了一座迷宫D、进入迷宫一样的“大洋一号”，会分辨不出方向。19、依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（3分）A、一应俱全 一览无余 易如反掌 东山再起B、应有尽有 一览无余 轻而易举 再接再厉C、一应俱全 一目了然 轻而易举 东山再起D、应有尽有 一日了然 易如反掌 再接再厉20.下面是某校的一则启事初稿的片段，其中有五处不合书面语体的要求，请找出并作修改。（5分）我校学生宿舍下水道时常堵住。后勤处认真调查了原因，发现管子陈旧，需要换掉。学校打算7月15日开始施工。施工期间正遇上暑假，为安全起见，请全体学生暑假期间不要在校住宿。望大家配合。21.
28、下面是某校为教师编写个人专业发展规划而提供的流程图，请把这个图转写成一段文字介绍，要求内容完整，表述准确，语言连贯，不超过90个字。（6分）四、写作（60分）22.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。（60分）2000年 农历庚辰龙年，人类迈进新千年，中国千万“世纪宝宝”出生。2008年 汶川大地震，北京奥运会。2013年 “天宫一号”首次太空授课。 公路“村村通”接近完成；“精准扶贫”开始推动。2017年 网民规模达7.72亿，互联网普及率超全球平均水平。2018年 “世纪宝宝”一代长大成人。 2020年 全面建成小康社会。2035年 基本实现社会主义现代化。一代人有一代人的际遇和机缘、使命和挑战
29、。你们与新世纪的中国一路同行、成长，和中国的新时代一起追梦，圆梦。以上材料触发了你怎样的联想和思考？请据此写一篇文章，想象它装进“时光瓶”留待2035年开启，给那时18岁的一代人阅读。要求：选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题，不要套作，不得抄袭，不得泄露个人信息：不少于800字。2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文试题参考答案一、 现代文阅读（一）1.D 2.A 3.B（二）4.B5. 文人的气质：喜欢丁香花，情趣不俗；时常深情、甜蜜地回忆战斗生活，文雅浪漫；用大义与真情感化青年，智慧过人；军人的冷峻：遭严刑拷打而不屈服，意志坚定；笑对即将到来的死亡，从容淡定；充满母爱又不忘大义，理
30、智沉稳。6. 既能表现当代人对赵一曼女士的尊敬之情，又能表现赵一曼精神的当下意义，使主题内蕴更深刻；可以拉开时间距离，更加全面地认识英雄，使人物形象更加立体；灵活使用文献档案，与小说叙述相互印证，使艺术描写更真实。（三）7.D 8.C9.第一问：人民日报侧重介绍我国在量子通信研究方面的巨大成就，彰显中国速度与中国创造；自然杂志侧重介绍潘建伟研究团队在量子通信领域的贡献，强调个人能力和经费投入；读卖新闻以“墨子号”为例，侧重介绍中国实验设施先进，突出投入之大和发展之快给日本带来压力。 第二问：三家媒体的定位和出发点不同，因此对同一时间报道的侧重点不同。二、古代诗文阅读（一）10.C 11.C 1
31、2.B13.（1）诸葛诞凭借寿春反叛，魏帝出征，鲁芝率领荆州文武官兵作为先锋。 （2）皇上因为鲁芝清廉忠诚行为端正，一向没有私宅，让士兵为他建造五十间房屋。（二）14.B15. 意为凛冽的寒风终将过去，和煦的春风拂绿枯柳，缀满嫩绿的柳条好像轻烟笼罩一般摇曳多姿；表达了诗人虽感叹不遏于时，但不甘沉沦的乐观、自勉之情。（三）16.（1）温故而知新 可以为师矣（2）好古文 六艺经传皆通习之（3）羽扇纶巾 樯櫓灰飞烟灭三、语言文字运用17.B 18.C 19.B20.示例： “堵住”改为“堵塞”； “管子”改为“管道”； “换掉”改为“更换”； “打算”改为“计划”； “正遇上”改为“正值”。21.示
32、例： 编写教师个人专业发展规划首先要进行环境分析和自我分析，在此基础上进行个人定位并设置发展目标，然后制订达成目标的操作策略，最后展开评估与信息反馈，再据此作进一步修订。四、写作 22.答案略2II大义与真情感化青年，智慧过人；军人的冷峻：遭严刑拷打而不屈服，意志坚定；笑对即将到来的死亡，从容淡定；充满母爱又不忘大义，理智沉稳。6. 既能表现当代人对赵一曼女士的尊敬之情，又能表现赵一曼精神的当下意义，使主题内蕴更深刻；可以拉开时间距离，更加全面地认识英雄，使人物形象更加立体；灵活使用文献档案，与小说叙述相互印证，使艺术描写更真实。（三）7.D 8.C9.第一问：人民日报侧重介绍我国在量子通信研
33、究方面的巨大成就，彰显中国速度与中国创造；自然杂志侧重介绍潘建伟研究团队在量子通信领域的贡献，强调个人能力和经费投入；读卖新闻以“墨子号”为例，侧重介绍中国实验设施先进，突出投入之大和发展之快给日本带来压力。 第二问：三家媒体的定位和出发点不同，因此对同一时间报道的侧重点不同。二、古代诗文阅读（一）10.C 11.C 12.B13.（1）诸葛诞凭借寿春反叛，魏帝出征，鲁芝率领荆州文武官兵作为先锋。 （2）皇上因为鲁芝清廉忠诚行为端正，一向没有私宅，让士兵为他建造五十间房屋。（二）14.B15. 意为凛冽的寒风终将过去，和煦的春风拂绿枯柳，缀满嫩绿的柳条好像轻烟笼罩一般摇曳多姿；表达了诗人虽感叹
34、不遏于时，但不甘沉沦的乐观、自勉之情。（三）16.（1）温故而知新 可以为师矣（2）好古文 六艺经传皆通习之（3）羽扇纶巾 樯櫓灰飞烟灭三、语言文字运用17.B 18.C 19.B20.示例： “堵住”改为“堵塞”； “管子”改为“管道”； “换掉”改为“更换”； “打算”改为“计划”； “正遇上”改为“正值”。21.示例： 编写教师个人专业发展规划首先要进行环境分析和自我分析，在此基础上进行个人定位并设置发展目标，然后制订达成目标的操作策略，最后展开评估与信息反馈，再据此作进一步修订。四、写作 22.答案略2闲笔，实则很有用心，说明赵一曼仍活在人们的记忆里。 D.医院是“我”与赵一曼的连接点
35、，小说由此切入主人公监禁期间鲜为人知的特殊生活经历，在跨越时空的精神对话中再现了赵一曼的英雄本色。5.小说中说赵一曼“身上弥漫着拔俗的文人气质和职业军人的冷峻”，请结合作品简要分析。（6分）6.小说中历史与现实交织穿插，这种叙述方式有哪些好处？请结合作品简要分析。（6分）（三）实用类文本阅读（本题共3小题，12分）阅读下面的文字，完成79题。材料一：日前，中国科学院在京召开新闻发布会对外宣布“墨子号”进行科学实验卫星提前并圆满实现全部既定科学目标，为我国在未来继续引领世界量子通过研究奠定了坚实的基础。通信安全是国家信息安全和人类经济社会生活的基本需求。千百年来，人们对于通信安全的追求从未停止。
36、然而，基于计算复杂性的传统加密技术，在原理上存在着被破译的可能性，随着数学和计算能力的不断提升，经典密码被破译的可能性与日俱增，中国科学技术大学潘建伟教授说：“通过量子通信可以解决这个问题，把量子物理与信息技术相结合，利用量子调控技术，用一种革命性的方式对信息进行编码、存储、传输和操纵，从而在确保信息安全，提高运算速度，提升测量精度等方面突破经典信息技术的瓶颈。”量子通信主要研究内容包括量子密匙分发和量子隐形的传态，量子密匙分发通过量子态的传输，使遥远两地的用户可以共享无条件安全的密匙，利用该密匙对信息进行一次一密的严格加密，这是目前人类唯一已知的不可窃听，不可破译的无条件安全的通信方式。量子
37、通信的另一重要内容量子隐形传态，是利用量子纠缠特性讲物质的未知量子态精确传送到遥远地点，而不用传送物质本身。通过隐形传输实现信息传送。 （摘编自吴月辉墨子号”，抢占量子科技创新制高点，人民日报2017年8月10日）材料二：潘建伟的导师安东蔡林格说，潘建伟的团队在量子互联网的发展方面冲到了领先地位，量子互联网是由卫星和地面设备构成的能够在全球范围分享量子信息的网络。这将使不可破解的全球加密通信成为可能，同时也使我们可以开展一些新的控制远距离量子联系的实验。目前，潘建伟的团队计划发射第二颗卫星，他们还在中国的天宫二号空间站上进行着一项太空量子实验，潘建伟说，未来五年“还会取得很多精彩的成果，一个新
38、的时代已经到来”。潘建伟是一个有着无穷热情的乐观主义者，他低调地表达了自己的信心，称中国政府将会支持下一个宏伟计划一项投资20亿美元的量子通信、量子计量和量子计划的五年计划，与此形成对照的是欧洲2016年宣布的旗舰项目，投资额为12亿美元。（摘编自伊丽莎白吉布尼一位把量子通信带到太空又带回地球的物理学家、自然2017年12月）材料三：日本读卖新闻5月2日报道：中国实验设施瞄准一流（记者：莳田一彦、船越翔）在中国南部广东省东莞市郊外的丘陵地带，中国刚才刚建成了大型实验设施，“中国散裂中子源”，该实验设施建设费用达到23亿元人民币，3月正式投入运行。中国是继美国、英国、日本之后第四个拥有同样设施的
39、国家。日本的J-PARC加速器设施中心主任齐藤直人说：“虽然日本在技术和经验上领先，但中国发展得实在太快，亚洲的中心正在从日本向中国转移。”中国推进的这类大型工程还有很多。3月，中国人民政治协商会议开幕。政协委员潘建伟被媒体记者团团围住。潘建伟是利用2016年发射的“墨子号”人造卫星进行量子通信研究的研究团队负责人，其团队2017年以后相继发布了多项世界首创的实验成果。潘建伟今年当选美国时代杂志“全球百大最具影响力人物”。使用人造卫星的实验要耗费巨额资金，欧洲和日本还在犹豫不决、日本的研究人员还在犹豫不决，日本的研究人员认为，“在基础科学领域，中国正在踏入他国难以涉足的领域，领先世界”。（摘编
40、自参考消息2018年5月7日）7.下列对材料相关内容的理解，不正确的一项是（3分）A.量子通信把量子物理与信息技术结合起来，利用量子调控技术对信息进行编码、存储、传输和操纵，可以有效解决经典密码被破译的问题。B.潘建伟研究团队在天宫二号空间站上进行太空量子实验，并计划发射“墨子号”后的第二颗卫星，他对未来五年会取得更多成果充满信心。C.中国继美国、英国、日本之后成为第四个拥有散裂中子源设施的国家，有些日本科学家有了危机感，认为亚洲的中心正逐渐向中国转移。D.在基础科学研究领域，比如使用人造卫星开展科学实验，需要耗费巨额资金，欧洲和日本都还在犹豫不决，因而尚未涉足这些领域。8.下列对材料相关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分
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