剑少英语语法大全.docx
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1、目录形容词的比较级和最高级3频率、时间和地点的状语短语7一般将来时9可数和不可数名词11WOULD LIKE14祈使句16SO SUCH TOO ENOUGH17TO BE20一般过去时22介词26LIKE/LOVE/HATE + V.-ING29S 所有格形容词31人称代词33THERE BE 句型34一般现在时36现在进行时39 形容词的比较级和最高级n 形容词比较级形容词比较级可以对两个物体做比较,如较大丶较小丶较快丶较高等。这类 形容词只能比较两个名词,公式如下:A + 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B.n 形容词最高级形容词最高级描述的事物,是处于某些特性的上限或下限,如
2、最高丶最小丶 最快丶最高等。当句中的主词同时与多个受词一起比较,就会用到这类形容 词。A + 动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + in/of + 范围.n 形容词比较级构成:1) 如果形容词只有一个音节,在末尾加 er。如果它已经以 e 结尾,只需添加 r。tall= tallernice = nicerthick = thickerlate = later2) 如果形容词以一个“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾,双写尾字母,然后写 er。但永远不要写两次 w。big= biggernew= newer (NOT newwer)thin = thinnerslow = slower (NOT slo
3、wwer)例句:My brother is thinner than me.3) 如果形容词有两个音节并以 y 结尾,则将 y 改为 i 并加上 er。funny= funniersilly= sillier例句 Which of these books is funnier?4) 具有三个或更多音节的形容词,只要在形容词前加上 more,即可形成比较级;而在形容词前加上 most,则形成最高级。5) 有些形容词有不规则形式,如以下所示:小贴士:涉及题目:1. 剑二的读写 part4 和 part52. 剑三的读写 part4 和 part6考生不需要独立写出比较级的句型,只需要能读懂并写出/
4、选择形容词的比较级和最高级,或者句子结构中的 than/the 等即可,如下图所示:1. My wife is more intelligentme.A. fromB. thanC. to2. I think this dress is3. “ important” 的比较级形式是A. importanterB. more importantC. more importanter(pretty) than that one.?答案 频率、时间和地点的状语短语状语短语是一组总是在一起的词。它们描述某事发生的地点、时间或频率。1. 频率状语短语描述某事发生的频率,常见的短语如下:every mor
5、ning, every afternoon, every day, every month, every Sunday on Sundays on Sunday afternoonsonce a day, twice a daythree / four / five times a day all the time例句:I have toast for breakfast every day. We visit our grandparents twice a month.2. 使用时间副词和副词短语来谈论何时做某事,常见的副词/短语如下:today, tomorrow, tonight, y
6、esterday, tomorrow, nowadays now, first of all, beforehandsoon, afterwards, later, next, then例句:Tomorrow, Im going to the beach. Im going to the beach tomorrow.3. 使用地点副词和副词短语来谈论某事发生的地方,常见的副词/短语如 下:outside, inside, indoors, upstairs, downstairs (over) here, (over) thereabroad, overseas例句:Lets go indo
7、ors. (通常跟在动词后)Rachel works in the office upstairs.(通常跟在宾语后)小贴士:剑二和剑三的考生需要在口语和写作中,独立输出句子。1. We every day go the park. (句子改错)2. John goes swimming every days. (句子改错)答案 一般将来时n 一般将来时的概念表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。常与 tomorrow,next,in + 一段时间等表示将来的时间状语连用。过去现在将来n 一般将来时的结构1. will 结构(表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态)主语be 动词其他Iwill be/won
8、t behere tomorrow.You/We/Theyin Guangzhou soon.He/She/Ittall next year.特殊:There willbe There will be a football match tomorrowafternoon.2. be going to 结构(表示计划、打算做某事)主语实义动词其他Iam going todance with her.You/We/Theyare going toswim together.He/She/Itis going toleave soon.特殊:There is/aregoing to beThere
9、is going to be a football match tomorrow. There are going to be two new planes next year.3. shall 结构主语 + shall + 动词原形.shall 的主语必须是第一人称 I/wen 一般将来时的时间状语1. tomorrow 系列:the day after tomorrow2. next 系列:next Wednesday3. soon4. in +时间段:in 3 days5. 相对而言的将来时间。单项选择题。1. She willa magazine about animals after
10、 school.A. buysB. buyC. is buyingD. going to buy2. My brotherfree tomorrow.A. will isB. isC. will beD. is being3. Hevisit Beijing with his classmates next week.A. will beB. are going toC. going toD. is going to答案 可数和不可数名词有些名词是可数的可以数出来。这些包括:apples, books, cars, trees有些名词是不可数的不能够计算,通常会和量词/短语搭配使用。这些 包括
11、:water, oil, rice, fruit, bread, information, money不可数名词与可数名词有不同的语法规则。可数名词单数形式e.g. apple可数名词复数形式e.g. apples不可数名词e.g. fruit单数可数名词总是需要一个限定词:a, this, that, my, the etc.例句:Look at that cat! Can I have an apple? Is this your bag?复数可数名词一般不需要限定词。I like apples.但是可以与限定词一起使用:Where are my shoes? Are those pens
12、 yours?不可数名词不需要限定词。I like fruit.但是他们可以使用单数限定词:This fruit is nice.可数名词有复数形式,可以加数量词修饰: Can I have five apples please?不可数名词不能和数量一起使用,也不会加 s: Can I have five breads please?This apple is nice.These apples are nice.This bread is nice.一些限定词可以与可数名词和不可数名词一起使用。some, a lot of, lots of, loads of, plenty of, any
13、Weve got some potatoes. We need some bread.We dont have any potatoes.这些限定词只能和可数名词搭配使用:several, various, a few, many这些限定词只能和不可数名词搭配使用:much, a bit of, a little小贴士:剑一的考生只需要看懂单复数、能够区分即可。剑二和剑三考生需要在听力和阅读中辨别单复数,独立写出单复数的变形, 在口语和写作中也会涉及。填空题:You will need:1. Five(tamato)2. Two(onion)3. Three glasses of(water)
14、4. Two(carrot)答案 would likeId like 是 I would like 的缩写,意思是 want,即“想要”,但是 would 更礼貌。可以用在陈述句和疑问句中:Id like a biscuit. 我想要一块饼干。Would you like some tea? 你想要喝茶吗? Would like 后可以直接跟名词或者 to do 形式: 名词:Would you like a biscuit?动词:Would you like to go to Malaysia?注意 would like (想要)和 like(喜欢)的区别:用 like 去谈论我们的长期喜好
15、:I like chocolate cake. Its my favourite food.用 would like 去谈论现在想要的事物,或者是未来想要的事物。Id like a cup of coffee please.Id like to work in a chocolate factory.剑少备考小贴士:考生不需要独立输出句子,但是在听力和阅读中,要做到能听懂和读懂。1. Would you liketo my house for dinner? A comeB to comeC for to come2. Would you like a biscuit? A Yes, plea
16、se.B I like tea. C Yes, Id.3. My husbandbananas. He eats one every day. A would likeB likesC would eat答案 祈使句使用祈使形式给出指示、命令和警告。Must 常用于标志和通知中以给出指示。祈使句在给出命令时不需要主语:You wash your hands. = Wash your hands.否定句在句子前面加 Dont :Dont sit there!小贴士:考生不需要独立输出句子,但是在听力和阅读中,要做到能听懂和读懂。1. Which word goes in the space? t
17、alk to John, hes busy.A. NotB. NoC. Dont2. Passengerstalk to the driver.A. must notB. shouldC. can答案 So such too enoughTooToo 意味着“很/太“,含负面意思。Its too hot = It is very hot and I dont like it.太热了,即非常热,不喜欢这么热。结构:用在形容词/副词前:Its too cold.You walk too fast.用于名词前:I ate too much food.(用于不可数名词)I ate too many s
18、andwiches.(用于可数名词)用于动词后:I ate too much. 我吃的太多了。EnoughEnough 意味着拥有足够的东西。you have what you need.We have enough food for everyone = everyone has some food.结构:用于名词前:We have enough chairs.用于形容词/动词后:Are you warm enough?She isnt tall enough to be a model. You dont work hard enough.SoSo 意味着“很/非常”,即 very。Its
19、 so hot!结构:So 通常用于形容词/副词前:Hes so funny!He plays the piano so well!So 可以和 that 搭配使用,that 句子是 so 句子的结果。I was so hot that I couldnt sleep.太热了,以至于我睡不着。SuchSuch 也意味着“非常/很”,即 very。结构:Such 通常用于名词/形容词前:They are such nice children.有需要加 a / an 的时候,放在 such 的后面:Thats a such pretty dress. = Thats such a pretty d
20、ress!和 So 一样, Such 也可以和 that 搭配使用, that 句子是 such 句子的结果。I was such a nice day that we decided to go to the park.天气真好,所以我们决定了要去公园。剑少备考小贴士:考生需要在听力和阅读中听懂及读懂以上强调词的含义, 剑二及剑三考生需独立在口语和写作中运用强调词。1. Youve cooked far toofood. A muchB enough C many2. The film isfunny! I watched it three times! A soB much C too3.
21、 Shes gotnice house! A such aB such C so答案 To bebe 动词的适用于以下情况:名词Hello, Im John.年龄How old are you?Im 17.地点London is in England.The Pyramids are in Egypt.The bank is one kilometre from here.形容词This hotel is nice.Im hungry.工作和家庭Im a student.My parents are doctors. This is my sister.Ann and Tom are my c
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