《国际商务英语》课后练习简答题答案.docx
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1、国际商务英语课后练习简答题答案Lesson1Answer the following questions:1. What does international business refer to? Please tell the difference between international business anddomestic business.A: International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the bo
2、rders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.Some major differences between international business and domestic business is following: (1) Differences in legal systems(2) Differences in currencies(3) Differences in cultural background(4) Different in nat
3、ural and economic conditions2. Please explain the differences between visible trade and invisible trade. Which is becoming more andmore important and accounts for an increasing proportion in international trade?A: Visible trade is the form of commodity trade. The form of transportation, communicatio
4、n, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries. The later is become more and more important.3. Can you cite some examples to illustrate cultural differences in international business? A: Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions
5、, religion, value, behavior etc. 4. Please elaborate on the two categories of international investment. What is their major difference? A: FDI (Foreign direct investment) is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country. Portfolio investment refers to p
6、urchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Such financial assets may be stocks, bonds or certificates of deposit.5. What is licensing? Why do firms sometimes choose it as a means of entering a foreign market? A: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intelle
7、ctual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty. Besides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or
8、management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country.6. What is franchising? How is it different from licensing?A: Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the name of another, franchiser who provides t
9、he former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.7. What is a management contract? Under what conditions is it m
10、ost applicable?A: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. When a government forbidsforeign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of
11、strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts maybe a practical choice enabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.8. What is an international turnkey project? In what way is its variant BOT different from it? A: For an internati
12、onal turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. For a BOT project, a firm operates a facility for a period of time after building it up before finally tra
13、nsferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey projectLesson 2Answer the following questions:1. Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference. Can we use them
14、interchangeably?A: GNP (Gross national Product) refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economy. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) measures the market value ofall goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.
15、 The difference between them is that GNP focuses on ownership of the factors of production while GDP concentrates on the place where production takes place. The difference between GNP and GDP can beignored since it very small in most cases. Therefore, we can use them interchangeably.2. In what diffe
16、rent ways are GDP and per capita income significant in assessing the potential of a particular market?A: Total GDP indicates the overall size of an economy, which is important in market assessment for durable equipment or bulk goods (grain, steel or cement). Per capita GDP reveals the average income
17、 level of consumers, which is important when marketing consumer durables.3. What are meant by high income, middle income, and low-income countries according to the World Bank? Cite some examples for each group.A: High-income countries: those enjoying annual per capita income of$9386 and above. In th
18、is group comprise three types of countries; most members of OECD, rich oil producing countries of the Middle East, small- industrialized countries or regions.Middle-income countries: those with annual per capita income below$9386 but above $765. Included in this category is most East European countr
19、ies and most members of the Commonwealth of Independent States,six OECD members, quite a number of Latin American countries and some comparatively developed countries in Asia, South Africa and oil- producing countries in African.Low-income countries: those that have per capita incomes of only$765 or
20、 even less. Most African countries,some Asian countries and a few Latin American countries are includedin this group.4. Why are high-income countries important to trade and investment? Should we neglect low-income countries in international business?A: High-income countries often have good infrastru
21、cture, high purchasing power, and advanced technology, efficient management and favorable environment for trade and investment. They offer prime markets for expensive consumer goods and are both attractive sources and destinations of investment.In international trade the low-income countries should
22、not be neglected, because they constitute markets for lower-priced staple goods, provide cheap labor and are often rich in resources. Once tapped, the business potential of these countries will one day become real business opportunities.5. Was China a low-income country a few years ago? How about no
23、w?A: China with a per capita income of over $1100 is a middle-income country though it was a low-income country just a few years ago.6. What does the term “Triad” refers to? What is meant by Quad?A: The term Triad refers to the three richest regions of the world; the United States, the European Unio
24、n and Japan that offer the most important business opportunities. The scope of Triad to include Canada and name the broadened grouping Quad.7. How much do you know about OECD? Please make a brief account.A: OECD means Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.The organization is included
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