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1、 第十九章 阑尾炎病人护理This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 micr
2、ocontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.学习目标学习目标识记:n指出急性阑尾炎病因n描述急性阑尾炎的病理类型和临床表现n陈述慢性阑尾炎的临床表现和处理原则This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor D
3、S18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.学习目标学习目标理解:n概括并说明急性阑尾炎的处理原则n比较和说明特殊急性阑尾炎的临床表现和处理原则运用:n应用护理程序对急性阑尾炎病人实施整体护理This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which reali
4、zes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.概述阑尾炎是指发生在阑尾的炎症反应,是常见急腹症,分急性和慢性,急性阑尾炎多见于20-30岁的青壮年,男女,若能及时、正确处理疗效好
5、,若延误诊治,引起坏疽、穿孔,导致弥漫性腹膜炎,将危及生命。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system
6、 are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.阑尾体表投影在脐与右髂前上棘连线中外约13交界处,称为麦氏(McBurney)点,是阑尾手术切口的标记点。阑尾尖端指向:回肠前位;盆位;盲肠后位;盲肠下位;盲肠外侧位;回肠后位。解剖生理概要解剖生理概要This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement
7、 and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.解剖生理概要解剖生理概要阑尾动脉肠系膜上动脉所属回结肠动脉分支的无侧支终末动脉阑尾静脉回流入门静脉阑尾的神经由交感神经纤维经腹腔丛和内脏小神经传入,其传入的脊髓节段在第10、11胸节This paper mainly
8、introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 tempera
9、ture sensor.【病因】急性阑尾炎阑尾管腔阻塞:是急性阑尾炎最常见的病因细菌入侵胃肠遒疾病、饮食因素慢性阑尾炎 大多数由急性阑尾炎转变而来,少部分开始即呈慢性过程。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and sin
10、gle chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【病理类型】急性单纯性阑尾 急性化脓性阑尾炎 坏疽性及穿孔性阑尾炎 阑尾周围脓肿This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and
11、control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【临床表现】急性阑尾炎常见症状 1.腹痛 为最早出现的症状 转移性右下腹痛(由脐周右下腹全腹)呈持续性、针刺样,可阵发性加剧 穿孔时突然减轻随后逐渐加剧2.胃肠道症状 恶心、呕吐、便秘或腹泻、腹胀,盆腔阑尾炎有直肠或膀胱刺激征。
12、This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller a
13、nd DS18B20 temperature sensor.【临床表现】急性阑尾炎常见症状 3.全身感染征 畏寒、发热:一般38 若T39多为阑尾坏疽或穿孔腹 膜炎 高热、寒战;门静脉炎黄疸This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B2
14、0 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【临床表现】急性阑尾炎 体征 1.右下腹(麦氏点)固定压痛 2.反跳痛、肌紧张 3.右下腹包块4.特殊检查 结肠充气试验(ovsing氏征)()腰大肌试验 ()(后位)闭孔内肌试验()(低位)直肠指检 右前方触痛(盆位)痛性包块 (盆腔脓肿)This paper mainly introduces the design of an intellig
15、ent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.This paper mainly introd
16、uces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature s
17、ensor.特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点新生儿阑尾炎 特点:早期仅有消化道症状(厌食、恶心、呕吐、腹泻等)。全身脱水、感染症状(发热、WBC )。有腹胀,但右下腹压痛、反跳痛不典型。病情发展迅速、死亡率高。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital tempera
18、ture sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点小儿阑尾炎 特点:多发于上感后。全身和消化道症状出现早而显著。转移性右下腹痛和肌紧张不明显。病情发展迅速、严重,易穿孔形成腹膜炎。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperatur
19、e control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点妊娠期阑尾炎 特点:位置变更大,腹部体征不典型。易穿
20、孔,穿孔后不易包裹,炎症易扩散。可致早产、流产。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are A
21、T89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点老年阑尾炎老年阑尾炎 特点:抵抗力和反应差,症状不明显。临床表现与病理变化不符,易误诊。易早期坏死、穿孔(血管硬化,阑尾供血差)。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by us
22、ing single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点特殊类型阑尾炎的临床特点慢性阑尾炎 特点:有急性处理不当史 右下腹持续隐痛,反复发作 常伴胃肠功能紊乱而误诊 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent te
23、mperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【辅助检查辅助检查】实验室检查 WBC N U-R(尿常规)
24、少量RBC、WBC 影像检查 X线平片:少数可发现阑尾结石。B超或CT:可发现肿大的阑尾及脓肿This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core compone
25、nts of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【处理原则】(一)手术治疗 除早期单纯性阑尾炎或有手术禁忌证外,均 应早期手术1.阑尾切除术(适于单纯性)2.阑尾切除腹腔引流术(化脓性、坏疽性、穿孔性)3.阑尾脓肿切开引流术(阑尾周围脓肿)(一般三月后再切除阑尾)This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of
26、 temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【处理原则】(二)非手术治疗 禁食 半坐卧位 补液 胃肠减压(穿孔者用)应用抗生素 中草药 针炙This paper mainly introduces the desi
27、gn of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【护理】术前评
28、估 健康状况 身体状况(腹部、全身、辅助检查)心理和社会支持状况术后评估 麻醉 病变 手术切口 引流情况 康复状况This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The co
29、re components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【护理诊断/问题】(一)疼痛 减轻或缓解疼痛(二)潜在并发症:切口感染、腹腔脓肿等 This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus
30、 digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.病人腹痛缓解或减轻病人未发生并发症或井发症得以及时发现和治疗【护理目标】This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the f
31、unction of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【护理措施】一.减轻或控制疼痛(1)采取适当卧位半卧位或斜坡卧位指导病人有节律地深呼吸(2)禁食或合理饮食拟手术的病人禁食非手术的病人,指导病人进食清
32、淡饮食(3)药物止痛(4)控制感染:遵医嘱应用抗菌药This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are
33、 AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【护理措施护理措施】二.并发症的预防和护理(1)腹腔脓肿的预防和护理采取适当的体位:术后病人血压平称后给予半坐卧位保持引流管通畅加强观察:腹部症状和体征变化及时处理腹腔脓肿:一经确诊,应配合医师做好超声引导下穿刺抽脓冲洗或置管引流This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature m
34、easurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【护理措施护理措施】二.并发症的预防和护理(2)切口感染的预防和护理切口的护理:定期更换切口敷料,保待切口敷料清沽和干燥合理应用抗菌药加强观察:观察手术切口情况及时处理切口感染This paper
35、mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20
36、temperature sensor.【护理评价护理评价】病人腹痛是否得到缓解或控制病人是否发生井发症,或并发症得到被及时发现和治疗This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomput
37、er.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.【健康教育健康教育】保持良好的饮食和卫生习惯。及时治疗好肠道疾病。嘱早下床活动,预防肠粘连。阑尾周围脓肿者,嘱3个月后再次往院,行阑尾切除术。病人出院后若出现腹痛、腹胀等不适应及时就诊。This paper mainly introduces the design of an intelligent temperature control system which realizes the function of temperature measurement and control by using single bus digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and single chip microcomputer.The core components of the system are AT89C51 microcontroller and DS18B20 temperature sensor.