张艳结构听力法.doc
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1、t the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britains new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.21. According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the_.A. enhance bankers sense of respo
2、nsibilityB. help corporations achieve larger profitsC. build a new system of financial regulationD. guarantee the bonuses of top executives22. Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate_.A. the conditions for generating quick profitsB. governments impatience in decision-makingC. the solid structure of pu
3、blicly traded companiesD. “short-termism” in economics activities23. It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be_.A. indirectB. adverseC. minimalD. temporary24. The US and France examples are used to illustrate_.A. the obstacles to preventing “short-termism”.B.
4、 the significance of long-term thinking.C. the approaches to promoting “long-termism”.D. the prevalence of short-term thinking.25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Failure of Quarterly CapitalismB. Patience as a Corporate VirtueC. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives
5、D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers21-25参考答案及解析:21.【A】enhance bankers sense of responsibility;细节题。题目中明确出题段落(According to Paragraph 1)及相应的信息点(one motive in imposing the new rule),因此,答案来源句则为第一段的第三句(The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to
6、 restore public trust in financial institution这个规则主要目的是让银行家为不良风险负责以及修复公众对金融机构的信任),那么答案基本就很容易提取出来。选项中的“sense of responsibility”则对应到句中的“enhance bankers sense of responsibility(增加银行的责任感)”;而其他的选项则与最佳选项无缘,在定位区间中没有相应的对应信息。22.【D】 short-termism in economic activities;细节题。题干中的定位信息在“Alfred Marshall”上,直接定位到第二段
7、的第二句“He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting.”,定位信息里的“this financial impatience”则是回指第二段首句的“Short-termism”,故信息点则为“Short-termism”,所以最佳选项则为short-termism in economic activities,而其他选项在定位信息中未提及;23.【B】 adverse;细节题。此题的定位信息为题干的“transient in
8、vestment”,直接定位到第三段的第二句“Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty”,从四个选项的褒贬正负来看indirect、minimal 和temporary为中性的表述,只有B选项的adverse为明确的负面表达,意思为“不利的”,与原文中的“hinder”(阻碍打扰)对应上。24.【C】the appr
9、oaches to promoting long-termism ;例证题。根据题干的具体信息定位,美国和法国的例子是用来支撑什么论点。原文的第五、六段则提供了具体的信息,第五段中美国延迟发放才上任一年左右的高管绩效津贴,继而促进缓解“短期主义”盛行的现状;第六段则提及在法国持股两年以上者拥有更大的选票权。所以,最佳选项应为“促进长期主义的方法”,与原文一致;25.【B】Patience as a Corporate Virtue;主旨题。题干中的title为标题题的信息,所以此题考查的是文章的主旨大意;B选项里的patience可以对应到全文中反复出现的主题词“short-termism”和
10、“long-termism”,corporate本身在文章中出现多次,所以B 选项则为最近标题,体现主旨大意;其余选项均不能概括全文,故排除。Text 2Grade inflation-the gradual increase in average GPAs(grade-point averages) over the past few decadesis often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which students are treated like customers to be ple
11、ased. But another, related forcea policy often buried deep in course catalogs called “grade forgiveness”is helping raise GPAs.Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one that counts in calcula
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