(2.1.1)--Unit2(Engish-English).pdf
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1、Unit 2 History2.1 PeopleVocabularyDefinitionIce Agea long period of reduction in the temperature of the Earths surface andatmosphere,resulting in the presence or expansion of continental andpolar ice sheets and alpine glaciers.IberianSomeone or something originating in the Iberian Peninsula,namelyfr
2、om Spain,Portugal and Andorra,or Ibero-Americathe Stonehengea prehistoric monument in Wiltshire,England.It consists of a ringof standing stones,each around 13 feet(4.0 m)high,seven feet(2.1 m)wide,and weighing around 25 tons.weatherproofable to withstand exposure to all kinds of weather.Julius Caesa
3、ra military commander,politician and author at the end of the RomanRepublic.Teutonicof or relating to the ancient TeutonsWitanthe members of the national council.celibacyabstention from sexual relationsDoomsday Booka record of a survey of the lands of England made by order of Williamthe Conqueror ab
4、out 1086,giving ownership,extent,value,etc.,of theproperties.feudalismthe feudal system,or its principles and practices.the Battle of Hastingsa pitched battle between the Anglo-Saxon English and an invadingNorman army.confiscateto seize as forfeited to the public domain;appropriate,by way ofpenalty,
5、for public use.civil courta court of law in which civil cases are tried and determined.2.2 The ThronesVocabularyDefinitionAthelstan of Wessexthe first King of England.He reigned from 924 to 939.Alfred the GreatKing of Wessex from 871 to 899.He was the first monarch from theBritish Isles to style him
6、self as King of the Anglo-Saxons and so he issometimes considered the first English king.Alexander the GreatKing of Macedonia,from 336 BC until his death in 323 BC.He was oneof the greatest military leaders of all time.CurtmantleHenry II,also known as Henry Curtmantle,was King of England from1154 to
7、 his death.He was the first king of the House of Plantagenet.John LacklandJohn,byname John Lackland,king of England from 1199 to 1216.Ina war with the French king Philip II,he lost Normandy and almost all hisother possessions in France.In England,after a revolt of the barons,hewas forced to seal the
8、 Magna Carta.Coeur de LionRichard I was King of England from 1189 until his death.He is knownas Richard Cur de Lion or Richard the Lionheart because of hisreputation as a great military leader and warrior.Long ShankEdward I,also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of theScots,was King of Engla
9、nd from 1272 to 1307.the BloodyMaryI,alsoknownasMaryTudor,wasthequeenofEngland and Ireland from July 1553 until her death.She is best knownfor her vigorous attempt to reverse the English Reformation,which hadbegun during the reign of her father,Henry VIII.the Virgin QueenElizabeth I was Queen of Eng
10、land and Ireland from 17 November 1558until her death on 24 March 1603.Sometimes called the Virgin Queen,Elizabeth was the last of the five monarchs of the House of Tudor.bishopa senior member of the Christian clergy,usually in charge of a dioceseand empowered to confer holy orders.maid of honoran u
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- 2.1 Unit2 Engish English