初二物理竞赛第14讲期末复习教师版.docx
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1、高考英语复习 被动语态【壹】为什么会有被动语态?LH hit DG.DG was hit (by LH). DG was hit.当不知道或不强调动作发出者的时候,使用被动语态。基本长相:be done【贰】谓语动词长相构成大盘点注:另见文档。【叁】各种时态下的被动语态一、一般现在时am/is/are + donePeople know the Great Wall all over the world. (原句中有宾语,才能变成被动) The Great Wall all over the world.答案:is known二、一般过去时Lu Xun wrote the book. The
2、book by Lu Xun.答案:was written三、一般将来时He will give a talk (on Chinese history) (next week). A talk on Chinese history by him next week.答案:will be given四、过去将来时They were going to sell the cow the next day. The cow the next day.答案:was going to be sold was/were going to be done五、现在进行时They are watering the
3、 flowers. The flowers by them.答案:are being watered六、过去进行时He said he was repairing the shoes. He said the shoes .答案:were being repaired七、现在完成时He has cut down the tree. The tree down.答案:has been cut八、过去完成时They had found the lost boy before midnight. The lost boy before midnight.答案:had been found九、将来完成
4、时Mother will have set the table by the time we come back. The table will by the time we come back.答案:have been set十、过去将来完成时He said he would have finished the job by then. He said the job by then.答案:would have been finished【四】被动语态的特殊结构形式一、带情态动词的被动结构,其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词You can finish the work tomorrow.T
5、he work tomorrow.答案:can be finished二、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态(原句子中有宾语)小辉辉给了向迪好多钱。LH gave DG many dollors.= LH gave many dollors (to DG).DG was given many dollors (by LH). Many dollors were given (to) DG (by LH).三、现在分词做宾补,变被动语态时,现在分词不变(变被动,找 宾语)Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. The boy was caught smo
6、king a cigarette (by someone).小试牛刀work site 工作站approach 接近As we approached the work site, the workers were seen the new house.A. buildingB. buildC. builtD. to build四、一些短语动词变被动语态时有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。The baby must be taken good care of.这个婴儿要好好照看。So
7、meone must take good care of the baby.小试牛刀make fun of sb.Mary realized she .A. was making fun ofB. was made funC. was being made fun ofD. was being made fun【五】主动表被动的情况一、半系动词在系表结构中用主动形式表被动意思(主+系+表)常见的有:look, sound, smell, taste, feel, prove, remain 等。 The flower looks ugly. (is) (What you said) sound
8、s reasonable. The dish smells delicious. The food tastes good. The story proved quite false. She remains silent. This material feels soft.小试牛刀1. The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building now.A. remainsB. is remainedC. is remainingD. has been remained
9、2. Do you like the material? Yes, it very soft.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt 二、某些可以和 well, badly, easily, smoothly 等副词连用的不及物动词如 read, write, wash, clean, burn, cook, sell, lock, open, shut, tear 且主语是非生命的名词或代词,用主动结构表被动意思,多用来说明主语的特征、性质或所处的状态等。(起来;得) This kind of book sells well. 这种书好卖。This ki
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