英语国家概况——美国篇.ppt
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1、n nLocation mainland:in the central part of North America Alaska:border northwestern Canada 1959,49th state Hawaii:in the central Pacific Ocean 1959,50th staten nSurroundings(mainland)on the north Canada on the south-the Gulf of Mexico on the east-the Atlantic Ocean on the west-the Pacific Oceann nA
2、dministrative Regionn n50 states mainland-48 states detached territory-Alaska offshore islands-Hawaii n nWashington D.C.a federal district of Columbian nThree distinct areas (1)(1)the eastern part (2)(2)the western part (3)(3)the Great Plains five Great Lakes Mississippi River The Great Lakes(freshw
3、ater)Lake Superior Lake Huron Lake Erie Lake Ontario Lake Michigan Niagara Falls between Lake Erie&Lake Ontario on U.S.-Can.navigation linkage of many industrial areas The Mississippi River (the father of waters)longest in North America originate from the Lake Itasca(in MN)to the Gulf of Mexico 3780
4、km long 3 million skm of drainage area n nSix regions New England,Mid-Atlantic,South,Midwest,Southwest,West (1)(1)New England (2)(2)South Region (3)(3)Western Region (4)(4)California (5)(5)Alaska (6)(6)Hawaii(1)(1)New England 6 states:CT,ME,MA,NH,RI,VT 6 states:CT,ME,MA,NH,RI,VT Europeans first sett
5、lements Europeans first settlements geographical features geographical features historic sites historic sites top-ranking universities&colleges top-ranking universities&colleges Harvard,Yale,MIT etc.Harvard,Yale,MIT etc.The Ivy LeagueBrown U.RIColumbia U.NY city NYCornell U.NYDartmouth CollegeNH Har
6、vard U.MAU.of PennsylvaniaPAPrinceton U.NJYale U.CT(2)(2)The South Region 13 statesn nplentiful rainfall&a mild climaten ncrops grown frost-free 6 monthsn nindustry developingn npopulation growing(3)(3)The Western Region 11 statesn nbeautiful forests&streamsn nenvironment protection(4)(4)California
7、n nnatural featuresn nnotable citiesn nGDP&agricultural yield predominantn nhigh-tech centers eg:Silicon Valley(5)(5)Alaska Alaska n nstretching southward from stretching southward from the Arctic Ocean to the Pacific the Arctic Ocean to the Pacificn na world of glaciers,waterfalls,lakesa world of g
8、laciers,waterfalls,lakesn ntemperature lowtemperature lown nnative population:Eskimos mostly,native population:Eskimos mostly,&Indians,Aleuts&Indians,Aleutsn nnatural resources:natural resources:agricultural agricultural industrial industrial(6)(6)Hawaiin na chain of beads in central Pacificn n8 maj
9、or islandsn n2575 km long southeast to northwestn ntemperature mildn nchief productsn nlargest source of income:tourist business2.Climate n nmild subtropical zones:most statesn ntropical:southern FL,HIn n50cm rainfall line (through middle,from north to south)(through middle,from north to south)to th
10、e east comparatively more rainto the east comparatively more rain to the west much less rain to the west much less rain exception of the coastal areas along the Pacificexception of the coastal areas along the Pacific3.Major Cities n nWashington:Washington:capital capital n nNew York:New York:the lar
11、gest city the largest city n nLos Angeles:Los Angeles:the second largest citythe second largest cityn nChicago:Chicago:the third largest city the third largest city n nSan Francisco:San Francisco:the center of the center of Washingtonn nthe Washington District of Columbia the Washington District of
12、Columbia named after Christopher Columbus&named after Christopher Columbus&George Washington George Washingtonn ngoverned directly by federal governed directly by federal govgov.n nheadquarters of whole federal systemheadquarters of whole federal systemn na leading cultural centera leading cultural
13、center the Washington Monument,the Lincoln Memorial,the Washington Monument,the Lincoln Memorial,the Jefferson Memorial,the Kennedy Center,the Jefferson Memorial,the Kennedy Center,the Library of Congress the Library of Congressn nlight&service industries(little heavy light&service industries(little
14、 heavy indind.).)New Yorkn nthe largest city of the USthe largest city of the USn n3 islands3 islands(at the mouth of Hudson river):(at the mouth of Hudson river):Manhattan Island Manhattan Island Long Island Long Island Staten IslandStaten Islandn n5 boroughs:5 boroughs:ManhattanManhattan BrooklynB
15、rooklyn BronxBronxStaten Island Staten Island QueensQueensn nthe Statue of Liberty:American symbolthe Statue of Liberty:American symbol (at the gate of New York Harbor)(at the gate of New York Harbor)n nThe headquarters of the UNThe headquarters of the UNn nManhattan:a financial&entertainment center
16、Manhattan:a financial&entertainment center the core of NY City the core of NY City Broadway Broadway Times Square Times Square Wall Street Wall Street Fifth Avenue Fifth Avenue Central Park Central Park Greenwich VillageGreenwich VillageChinatown Chinatown the Empire State Buildingthe Empire State B
17、uildingmany churches,colleges,skyscrapers&theatresmany churches,colleges,skyscrapers&theatresLos Angelesn nthe second largest citythe second largest cityn n4 times larger in area than San Francisco4 times larger in area than San Franciscon nImportant electronic centerImportant electronic centern nat
18、omic research centeratomic research centern nindustrytires,automobiles&aircraftsindustrytires,automobiles&aircraftsn nHollywoodthe heart of worlds motion Hollywoodthe heart of worlds motion picture industrypicture industryn nDisneylandDisneylandChicago n nthe Windy Citythe Windy Cityn nmain connecti
19、on between the eastern coast main connection between the eastern coast cities and the Westcities and the Westn nthe third largest citythe third largest cityn nthe largest industry citythe largest industry city heavy&light industries highly developed heavy&light industries highly developedn na center
20、 of industry,transportation,a center of industry,transportation,commerce&finance in the Midwest Regioncommerce&finance in the Midwest Regionn na cultural center,the worlds best collections a cultural center,the worlds best collections of modern architectureof modern architectureSan Franciscon nA cen
21、ter of oil-refining,chemicals,A center of oil-refining,chemicals,commerce,finance&the shipping industrycommerce,finance&the shipping industryn nThe transcontinental railroad connecting The transcontinental railroad connecting itself with the industrial&agricultural itself with the industrial&agricul
22、tural centers of the Midwest&the Eastcenters of the Midwest&the Eastn nThe Golden Gate BridgeThe Golden Gate Bridgen nChinatown the largest Chinese Chinatown the largest Chinese settlement in USsettlement in USII.People1.Population the third most populous nation behind China&India 300300 million(Oct
23、.17,2006)(Oct.17,2006)200200 million(July 1,1968)(July 1,1968)100 100 million(July 1,1915)(July 1,1915)303,593,258(March 9,2008)(March 9,2008)400 400 million(as early as 2043)(as early as 2043)n nDISTRIBUTION of the population:NortheasternNortheastern the most densely populated region the most dense
24、ly populated region 1/2 population on 1/4 land 1/2 population on 1/4 land Great Plains Great Plains comparatively small population comparatively small population South South almost 57.5 million almost 57.5 million West West densely populated except LA&SF densely populated except LA&SF now 1/5 but ex
25、pected to grow faster now 1/5 but expected to grow faster 2.Nation of Immigrants a nation of immigrants 4 cent.55 million immigrated no country in history has congregated&amalgamated so many ethnics immigrants admitted by US more than all other industrialized countries combinedFrom foreign countryTo
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