2019版高考生物大二轮复习题型增分练:题型专项练2坐标曲线类.doc
《2019版高考生物大二轮复习题型增分练:题型专项练2坐标曲线类.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2019版高考生物大二轮复习题型增分练:题型专项练2坐标曲线类.doc(5页珍藏版)》请在文库网上搜索。
1、nd economic risk is worth emphasizing because it ilustrates the limitations on the powers that countries have over their exposure to risk. A country that is stil in the early stages of economic growth wil generaly have more risk exposure than a mature country, even it is wel governed and has a solid
2、 legal system. Political Risk While a countrys risk exposure is a function of where it is in the growth cycle, that risk exposure can be afected by the political system in place in that country, with some systems clearly augmenting risk far more than others. a. Continuous versus Discontinuous Risk:
3、Lets start with the first and perhaps trickiest question on whether democratic countries are les or more risky than their authoritarian counterparts. Investors and companies that value government stability (and fixed policies) sometimes choose the later, because a strong government can esentialy loc
4、k in policies for the long term and push through changes that a democracy may never be able to do or do only in steps. The cautionary note that should be added is that while the chaos of democracy does create more continuous risk (policies that change as governments shift), dictatorships create more
5、 discontinuous risk. While change may happen infrequently in an authoritarian system, it is also likely to be wrenching and dificult to protect against. It is also worth noting that the nature of authoritarian systems is such that the more stable policies that they offer can be acompanied by other c
6、osts (political corruption and inefective legal systems) that overwhelm the benefits of policy stability. The trade off betwen the stability (artificial though it might be) of dictatorships and the volatility of democracy makes it dificult to draw a strong conclusion about which system is more condu
7、cive to higher economic growth. Przeworski and Limongi (1993) provide a summary of the studies through 1993 on the link betwen economic growth and democracy and report mixed results.1Of the 19 studies that they quote, seven find that dictatorships grow faster, seven conclude that democracies grow at
8、 a higher rate and five find no diference. In an interesting twist, Glaeser, La Porta, Lopez-de-Silane and Shleifer (2004) argue that it is not political institutions that create growth but that economic growth that alows countries to become more democratic.2b. Corruption and Side Costs: Investors a
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考 生物 二轮 复习 温习 题型 增分练 专项 坐标 曲线