风能发电-Bladed风力机设计仿真建模计算软件工程特性总结.pdf
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1、BLADEDEngineering feature summary02 DNV Bladed04INTRODUCTION05ENGINEERING MODELS05Structural dynamics08Offshore modelling10Aerodynamics12Environmental models16Control systems17Electrical modelling17REFERENCES Bladed DNV 03 Digital Solutions at DNVDNV is a world-leading provider of digital solutions
2、and software applications with focus on the energy, maritime and healthcare markets. Our solutions are used worldwide to manage risk and performance for wind turbines, electric grids, pipelines, processing plants, offshore structures, ships, and more. Supported by our domain knowledge and Veracity a
3、ssurance platform, we enable companies to digitize and manage business critical activities in a sustainable, cost-efficient, safe and secure way.软件下载:https:/ 提取码:k2am 04 DNV BladedBladed is the industry standard wind turbine aero-elastic design tool, providing a sophisticated numerical model of your
4、 wind turbine and its environment. Bladeds engineering model capability has been developed for over 20 years and is continually enhanced to meet the needs of todays wind turbine designers.This brochure briefly describes the main technical features in Bladed to achieve an accurate model of onshore, o
5、ffshore and floating wind turbines in their environment. The turbine model is described in terms of structural dynamics, aerodynamics, offshore modelling, control systems and electrical modelling. Environmental models are also discussed. Bladed DNV 05 Bladed utilizes a completely self-consistent and
6、 rigorous multibody formulation of a wind turbines structural dynamics. This provides consistently reliable and accurate results and forms a solid foundation from which to extend the structural model with many new features in the ongoing development programme.Multibody dynamicsThe Bladed structural
7、dynamics code is based on a flexible multibody dynamics approach, similar to the approach defined by Shabana “1”. The multibody system allows various flexible and rigid bodies to be connected in an arbitrary tree-like structure.This flexible and powerful approach allows easy definition of many pre-d
8、efined turbine configurations in Bladed. The dynamic response of novel systems can be confidently predicted, as the behaviour of each component and the coupling between them is thoroughly validated.Modal analysis and Campbell diagramBladed includes structural flexibility for wind turbines blades, su
9、pport structure and drive train. Mode shapes and frequencies are calculated for each flexible body using the Craig-Bampton method “2”. Modal analysis is always performed for the tower, whereas the blade can use vibration modes or direct integration of the finite element degrees of freedom. Modal red
10、uction facilitates improved simulation speed without significant loss of accuracy. The modes from each component are coupled through the multibody code. Bladed can calculate the coupled modes in the steady state for the whole structure. These coupled frequencies can be com-pared to the rotor rotatio
11、nal frequency in a Campbell diagram to check for possible resonance issues. This calculation also derives the coupled modes damping and the contributions of the blade and tower modes to each coupled mode.ENGINEERING MODELSStructural dynamics06 DNV BladedNon-linear blade dynamicsEach flexible body in
12、 Bladed is a linear finite element body. Very flexible wind turbine blades can be split into multiple flexible bodies to achieve a geometrically non-linear model of blade deflection, as the outer blade parts can undergo large rotations relative to the blade root. This “multi-part” blade approach is
13、key to analyse the stability and dynamic response of large modern wind turbine blades.In Bladed, the blade can be split into any number of bodies. The schematic below illustrates a 2-part blade. The model has been recently validated against full scale measurements from the GE 6MWHaliade turbine “3”B
14、lade stability analysisFlexible modern wind turbine blades may be susceptible to instability at high rotor speeds. Bladeds blade stability tool creates a linearized model at a large range of input conditions for a rotor in power production or parked configurations.During power production, the dampin
15、g of the blade modes with increasing wind speed is evaluated, either at a fixed TSR or in a free-spin scenario. The rotor speed where the instability occurs and the vibration modes that contribute to the instability can be identified, providing key insight into the cause of the instability. Bladed D
16、NV 07 Pitch and yaw actuator modelsPhysical devices, such as pitch drives, are alsomodelled using Bladeds multibody dynamicsframework. Bladed comes pre-loaded with an array of detailed and versatile models of pitch and yaw actuation.Pitch actuators can be modelled using a characteristic response tim
17、e or by defining gains for implement-ing a torque feedback loop. Models are provided for linear or rotary actuators, and various other devices, such as limit switches and end stops.Bladed also supports pitch actuator modelling through an external DLL interface, as part of theAdvanced pitch actuator
18、module.Drive train modellingGeared and direct drive turbines can be modelledas a 1 degree of freedom system. These can beenhanced by LSS and HSS flexibility as necessary anda slipping clutch, which is also directly included in the multibody structural dynamics framework.For more detailed drive train
19、 modelling, Bladed canbe coupled to an external drive train model via a DLLinterface. This approach allows the complex behaviour of a detailed drive train model to be coupled to thedynamics of the rest of the turbine.The DLL interface supports non-linear and timevarying, models and supports disconti
20、nuities, for example frictional stick-slip and backlash. The gearbox DLL interface can be activated with torsional degrees of freedom only or with a full 6 degrees of freedom giving a complete dynamic model.The gearbox DLL functionality is available in theBladed Advanced transmission interface modul
21、e.08 DNV BladedBladed can model the offshore environment to design turbines to withstand the challenges of the harsh offshore environment.Integrated offshore analysisArbitrary space frame structures like jackets can be modelled in Bladed using beam elements and flexible joints. Models can be built i
22、n the Bladed user interface or imported from third party offshore de-sign tools, such as SESAM or SACS. Foundations can be modelled as linear springs or through non-linear P-Y curve definition.Bladed can generate irregular airy waves, regularairy or stream function waves. Loads are applied to the mo
23、del using Morisons equation. Linear or non-linear extreme waves can be inserted into an irregular sea as a constrained wave.Inclusion of the wind loads, turbine and jacket model and marine environment in the Bladed calculation allows for fully coupled aero-hydroservo- elastic simulation. This integr
24、ated approach aids the overall optimization of the wind turbine and support structure design. The cost reduction benefits of this approach were explored in DNVs Project FORCE innovation report. For further information, please read about the Bladed Offshore support structure module.Superelement analy
25、sisInstead of defining the jacket structure in Bladed, it is also possible to import a jacket superelement derived from an offshore support structure code, such as DNVs SESAM tool. In this case, the modal mass and stiffness matrices of the jacket, along with the wave loads, are imported into Bladed
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