《实用任务型学术写作》课件Unit 8 Research Proposal.pptx
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1、Unit EightResearch ProposalIn this unit you will learn how to write a research proposal.选题报告或开题报告是指选题者对所选研究内容的一种文字说明材料。通过它,选题者可以把自己对课题的认识理解程度和准备工作情况加以整理、概括,以便使具体的研究目标、步骤、方法、措施、进度、条件等得到更明确的表达。选题报告的基本要求:(1)叙述选题的背景、目的和现实意义。(2)叙述该选题的国内外研究现状和相关领域中已有的研究成果,有何研究进展,存在的问题及展望等。(3)叙述选题研究内容的主要观点、研究方法(技术路线)、创新之处以
2、及对该选题的趋势预测。Task Objective(4)最后列出作者所查阅的国内外参考文献,且所列文献必须是综述作者阅读过的材料,不允许将所列文献中引用而自己并未阅读的文献列入。每个学术研究者必须经历的一道关卡,就是Research Proposal 的写作。它是一项研究开始之前的提纲、规划和陈述;既是为了帮助自己梳理文献、整理思路、廓清方向,也常常是写给相关他人的说明:研究动机和意义何在?可能有何成果?为什么它值得资助/认可/支持/批准?好的proposal 是研究成功的一半。Read Sample 1 and answer the questions as briefly as possi
3、ble.Task Preparation 1Research BackgroundResearch QuestionResearch PurposeResearch MethodsResearch BackgroundResearch QuestionResearch PurposeResearch MethodsSome university instructors complain thatincoming freshmen are inadequately prepared for the demands of college-level research tasks.This is p
4、robably due to a failure of communication between high school and college instructors and administrators.This research and its conclusions will seek to adequately prepare their students for the rigors of college courses.By isolating the skills in which students most need improvement,this project wil
5、l assist high-school instructors and administrators to plan and teach more effective English courses.KeyKeyRead Sample 2 and answer the questions.Task Preparation 21.What is the background of the research?2.What was the problem stated in the research?3.What are the objectives in the research?4.What
6、are the research questions?5.What is the methodology used in the research?6.What is the conclusion of the research?1.What is the background of the research?2.What was the problem stated in the research?KeyThe introduction of the clear standards of leadershippromotes the core values and maturity on t
7、heir role and responsibility.With proper consulting,mentoring,training and measuring all the responsibilities,a leader cannot be perfect but an effective person who can lead the entire educational institution in better future.The educators also perceived that there is a need of a leader who is not p
8、erfect but rather,effective.There is no such thing as a perfect leader because a leader cannot manage the entire facility alone.But they need an effective leader who can lead the people toward the changes and improvement.3.What are the objectives in the research?4.What are the research questions?1)L
9、eadership should establish a system where there is a presence of effective mechanism for reaching the educational aims.2)The leaders should participate to perform the high leadership and helping boost the school performance,supports and spread the leadership expertise.3)The broad policy crafted by t
10、he leaders should reflect on the reform of the education.1)What is an effective leadership?2)How does a person be qualified as an effective leader?3)What are the outcomes if there is an effective leadership?5.What is the methodology used in the research?6.What is the conclusion of the research?With
11、the use of the questionnaires spread in the entire faculty and chosen students,the research will determine the right and effective leadership that they prefer.The values of key leaders play an important role in the health and effectiveness of anorganization.When this idea is transformed in education
12、,there is no doubt that there will be an effective leadership in every school.The transformational leadership offerspromise and takes actions to bring ethics to be on his or her followers.Read Sample 3 and judge whether the statements are true or false.Task Preparation 31.Although harnessing natural
13、 gas is a new,highly valued,alternative energy source,it does not have tremendous consequences on the environment.()2.As can be seen in reviewing the research and articles that exist pertaining to the hydraulic fracturing industry,there is a goodconnection between the established viewpoints and scie
14、ntific evidence and research.()3.After determining how significant the contamination is,action will then be taken to develop a GIS software to prevent the same quantities of hydraulic fracturing chemicals from entering into the watershed.()4.These types of measurements and data collection will have
15、to be collected from stream monitoring sites who rely on wildlife biologists and volunteers to collect this information.()5.The advantages of these methods are that our use of GIS will make us form accurate images of potential routes of pollution.()FTTFFData Bank Practice these patterns and expressi
16、ons often used in writing a research proposal.1.1研究的研究的现状和存在的状和存在的问题:一般一般现在在时、一、一般般过去去时、现在完成在完成时,如:,如:1)The proposed project is currently being carried out by seven students;three Ph.D.students from Information and Computer Science,two undergraduate students from Biological Sciences,one undergraduat
17、e student from Electrical Engineering,and myself from Chemical Engineering.A group meeting occasionally takes place,which provides an opportunity to exchange information among group members with different majors.2)Students with disabilities are enrolling in postsecondary educational settings more of
18、ten than ever before.3)However,measurement of strain on the surface of bone with high fidelity has been extremely difficult due to the lack of suitable tools.4)Stem cell research has a history of more than twenty years,but the field has gained considerable attention recently due to the successful ac
19、hievement in culturing and manipulating human stem cells in vitro.5)Many research groups around the world are attempting to demystify this differentiation process.6)The low liquidity in the market for government bonds and lack of efficient financial intermediation or investment banks has a negative
20、impact on the development of Ukrainian stock exchange and on economic environment in general.7)None of these issues have been investigated within the Australian context.The need for a comprehensive investigation into the deregulation process and its possible outcomes becomes increasingly important a
21、s the liberal Government moves towards deregulation and the partial sale of Telstra.8)Despite the ongoing extensive research relating to reforms in the VET sector,there has been minimal qualitative research undertaken on these changes from the perspective of the VET practitioner.1.2研究研究问题或主要或主要观点点:一
22、般一般现在在时、一般、一般过去去时、现在完成在完成时,如:,如:1)Despite current,enforced disability regulations and laws,several persistent barriers remain in the academic environment.2)With this data,new diagnostic assays and therapies can be developed to alter the fate of stem cells.This in turn may contribute to advances in t
23、he prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of human diseases and illnesses such as heart disease,diabetes,and cancer which continue to deprive people of health,independence,and well-being.3)Finally,the cost structure of the Ukrainian government debt market is revealed on the basis of the empirical evalua
24、tion of the model that allows to develop appropriate policy recommendations.4)Interviews with current TAFEWA lecturers and the examination of contemporary official documents will be used to analyze the historical events and structures that have led to the current requirement regarding the possession
25、 of a qualification in education.Further interviews and document analysis will reveal the present functions and concerns of current TAFEWA lecturers.5)The main focus question of the study is:How did social constructions of gender and class impact on the type of education offered to girls in a privat
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