第6卷 伯恩斯诗歌集(哈佛经典50部英文版).pdf
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1、 第第 6 卷卷 伯恩斯诗歌集伯恩斯诗歌集 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 2/696 总目录总目录 第第 1 卷卷 富兰克林自传富兰克林自传 第第 2 卷卷 柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多篇、克利多篇篇、克利多篇 第第 3 卷卷 培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯 第第 4 卷卷 约翰米尔顿英文诗全集约翰米尔顿英文诗全集 第第 5 卷卷 爱默生文集爱默生文集 第第 6 卷卷 伯恩斯诗歌集伯恩斯诗歌集 第第 7 卷卷 圣奥古斯丁忏悔录圣奥古斯丁忏悔录 第第 8 卷卷 希腊戏剧希腊戏剧 第第 9
2、卷卷 论友谊、论老年及书信集论友谊、论老年及书信集 第第 10 卷卷 国富论国富论 第第 11 卷卷 物种起源论物种起源论 第第 12 卷卷 普卢塔克比较列传普卢塔克比较列传 第第 13 卷卷 伊尼亚德伊尼亚德 第第 14 卷卷 唐吉坷德唐吉坷德 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 3/696 第第 15 卷卷 天路历程天路历程 第第 16 卷卷 天方夜谭天方夜谭 第第 17 卷卷 民间传说与预言民间传说与预言 第第 18 卷卷 英国现代戏剧英国现代戏剧 第第 19 卷卷 浮士德浮士德 第第 20 卷卷 神曲神曲 第第 21 卷卷 许婚的
3、爱人许婚的爱人 第第 22 卷卷 奥德赛奥德赛 第第 23 卷卷 两年水手生涯两年水手生涯 第第 24 卷卷 伯克文集伯克文集 第第 25 卷卷 穆勒文集穆勒文集 第第 26 卷卷 欧洲大陆戏剧欧洲大陆戏剧 第第 27 卷卷 英国名家随笔英国名家随笔 第第 28 卷卷 英国与美国名家随笔英国与美国名家随笔 第第 29 卷卷 比格尔号上的旅行比格尔号上的旅行 第第 30 卷卷 科学论文集:物理学、化学、科学论文集:物理学、化学、天文学、地质学天文学、地质学 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 4/696 第第 31 卷卷 切利尼自传切利尼自
4、传 第第 32 卷卷 文学和哲学名家随笔文学和哲学名家随笔 第第33卷卷 古代与现代著名航海与旅行记古代与现代著名航海与旅行记 第第 34 卷卷 法国和英国著名哲学家法国和英国著名哲学家 第第 35 卷卷 见闻与传奇见闻与传奇 第第 36 卷卷 君王论君王论 第第 37 卷卷 17、18 世纪英国著名哲学家世纪英国著名哲学家 第第 38 卷卷 物理学、医学、外科学和地质物理学、医学、外科学和地质学学 第第 39 卷卷 著名之前言和序言著名之前言和序言 第第 40 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格雷雷 第第 41 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从科林斯到英文诗集(卷)从科林斯到费兹杰
5、拉德费兹杰拉德 第第 42 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到惠特曼惠特曼 第第 43 卷卷 10001904 第第 44 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷一卷一):孔子孔子 希伯来书希伯来书 基基百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 5/696 督圣经督圣经()第第 45 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷二卷二)基督圣经基督圣经()第第 46 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)第第 47 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)第第 48 卷卷 帕斯卡文集帕斯卡文集 第第 49 卷卷 史诗与传说史诗与传说 第第 50 卷
6、卷 哈佛经典讲座哈佛经典讲座 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 6/696 第第 6 卷卷 伯恩斯诗歌集伯恩斯诗歌集 INTRODUCTORY NOTE ROBERT BURNS was born near Ayr,Scotland,25th of January,1759.He was the son of William Burnes,or Burness,at the time of the poets birth a nurseryman on the banks of the Doon in Ayrshire.His fath
7、er,though always extremely poor,attempted to give his children a fair education,and Robert,who was the eldest,went to school for three years in a neighboring village,and later,for shorter periods,to three other schools in the vicinity.But it was to his father and to his own reading that he owed the
8、more important part of his education;and by the time that he had reached manhood he had a good knowledge of English,a reading knowledge of French,and a fairly wide acquaintance with the masterpieces of English literature from the time of Shakespeare to his own day.In 1766 William Burness rented on b
9、orrowed money the farm of Mount Oliphant,and in taking his share in the effort to make this undertaking succeed,the future poet seems to have seriously o verstrained his physique.In 1771 the family move to Lochlea,and Burns went to the neighboring town of Irvine to learn flax-dressing.The only resul
10、t of this experiment,however,was the formation of an acquaintance with a dissipated sailor,whom he afterward blamed as the prompter of his first licentious adventures.His father died in 1784,and with his brother Gilbert the poet rented the farm of Mossgiel;but this venture was as unsuccessful as the
11、 others.He had meantime formed an irregular intimacy with Jean Armour,for which he was censured by the Kirk-session.As a result of his farming misfortunes,and the attempts of his father-in-law to overthrow his irregular marriage with Jean,he resolved to emigrate;and in order to raise money for the p
12、assage he published(Kilmarnock,1786)a volume of the poems which he had been composing from time to time for 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 7/696 some years.This volume was unexpectedly successful,so that,instead of sailing for the West Indies,he went up to Edinburgh,and during that wi
13、nter he was the chief literary celebrity of the season.An enlarged edition of his poems was published there in 1787,and the money derived from this enabled him to aid his brother in Mossgiel,and to take and stock for himself the farm of Ellisland in Dumfriesshire.His fame as poet had reconciled the
14、Armours to the connection,and having now regularly married Jean,he brought her to Ellisland,and once more tried farming for three years.Continued ill-success,however,led him,in 1791,to abandon Ellisland,and he moved to Dumfries,where he had obtained a position in the Excise.But he was now thoroughly
15、 discouraged;his work was mere drudgery;his tendency to take his relaxation in debauchery increased the weakness of a constitution early undermined;and he died at Dumfries in his thirty-eighth year.It is not necessary here to attempt to disentangle or explain away the numerous amours in which he was
16、 engaged through the greater part of his life.It is evident that Burns was a man of extremely passionate nature and fond of conviviality;and the misfortunes of his lot combined with his natural tendencies to drive him to frequent excesses of self-indulgence.He was often remorseful,and he strove pain
17、fully,if intermittently,after better things.But the story of his life must be admitted to be in its externals a painful and somewhat sordid chronicle.That it contained,however,many moments of joy and exaltation is proved by the poems here printed.Burns poetry falls into two main groups:English and S
18、cottish.His English poems are,for the most part,inferior specimens of conventional eighteenth-century verse.But in Scottish poetry he achieved triumphs of a quite extraordinary kind.Since the time of the Reformation and the union of the crowns of England and Scotland,the Scots dialect had largely fa
19、llen into disuse as a medium for dignified writing.Shortly before Burns 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 6 卷 伯恩斯诗歌集 8/696 time,however,Allan Ramsay and Robert Fergusson had been the leading figures in a revival of the vernacular,and Burns received from them a national tradition which he succeeded
20、in carrying to its highest pitch,becoming thereby,to an almost unique degree,the poet of his people.He first showed complete mastery of verse in the field of satire.In“The Twa Herds,”“Holy Willies Prayer,”“Address to the Unco Guid,”“The Holy Fair,”and others,he manifested sympathy with the protest o
21、f the so-called“New Light”party,which had sprung up in opposition to the extreme Calvinism and intolerance of the dominant“Auld Lichts.”The fact that Burns had personally suffered from the discipline of the Kirk probably added fire to his attacks,but the satires show more than personal animus.The fo
22、rce of the invective,the keenness of the wit,and the fervor of the imagination which they displayed,rendered them an important force in the theological liberation of Scotland.The Kilmarnock volume contained,besides satire,a number of poems like“The Twa Dogs”and“The Cotters Saturday Night,”which are
23、vividly descriptive of the Scots peasant life with which he was most familiar;and a group like“Puir Mailie”and“To a Mouse,”which,in the tenderness of their treatment of animals,revealed one of the most attractive sides of Burns personality.Many of his poems were never printed during his lifetime,the
24、 most remarkable of these being“The Jolly Beggars,”a piece in which,by the intensity of his imaginative sympathy and the brilliance of his technique,he renders a picture of the lowest dregs of society in such a way as to raise it into the realm of great poetry.But the real national importance of Bur
25、ns is due chiefly to his songs.The Puritan austerity of the centuries following the Reformation had discouraged secular music,like other forms of art,in Scotland;and as a result Scottish song had become hopelessly degraded in point both of decency and literary quality.From youth Burns had been inter
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