第44卷 第44卷 圣书(卷一)孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经(Ⅰ)(哈佛经典50部英文版)(哈佛经典50部英文版).pdf
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1、 第第 44 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷一卷一):孔子孔子 希伯来书希伯来书 基督基督圣经圣经()百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()2/593 总目录总目录 第第 1 卷卷 富兰克林自传富兰克林自传 第第 2 卷卷 柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多篇、克利多篇篇、克利多篇 第第 3 卷卷 培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯 第第 4 卷卷 约翰米尔顿英文诗全集约翰米尔顿英文诗全集 第第 5 卷卷 爱默生文集爱默生文集 第第 6 卷卷 伯恩斯诗歌集伯恩斯诗歌集 第第 7 卷卷 圣
2、奥古斯丁忏悔录圣奥古斯丁忏悔录 第第 8 卷卷 希腊戏剧希腊戏剧 第第 9 卷卷 论友谊、论老年及书信集论友谊、论老年及书信集 第第 10 卷卷 国富论国富论 第第 11 卷卷 物种起源论物种起源论 第第 12 卷卷 普卢塔克比较列传普卢塔克比较列传 第第 13 卷卷 伊尼亚德伊尼亚德 第第 14 卷卷 唐吉坷德唐吉坷德 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()3/593 第第 15 卷卷 天路历程天路历程 第第 16 卷卷 天方夜谭天方夜谭 第第 17 卷卷 民间传说与预言民间传说与预言 第第 18 卷卷 英国
3、现代戏剧英国现代戏剧 第第 19 卷卷 浮士德浮士德 第第 20 卷卷 神曲神曲 第第 21 卷卷 许婚的爱人许婚的爱人 第第 22 卷卷 奥德赛奥德赛 第第 23 卷卷 两年水手生涯两年水手生涯 第第 24 卷卷 伯克文集伯克文集 第第 25 卷卷 穆勒文集穆勒文集 第第 26 卷卷 欧洲大陆戏剧欧洲大陆戏剧 第第 27 卷卷 英国名家随笔英国名家随笔 第第 28 卷卷 英国与美国名家随笔英国与美国名家随笔 第第 29 卷卷 比格尔号上的旅行比格尔号上的旅行 第第 30 卷卷 科学论文集:物理学、化学、科学论文集:物理学、化学、天文学、地质学天文学、地质学 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 H
4、arvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()4/593 第第 31 卷卷 切利尼自传切利尼自传 第第 32 卷卷 文学和哲学名家随笔文学和哲学名家随笔 第第33卷卷 古代与现代著名航海与旅行记古代与现代著名航海与旅行记 第第 34 卷卷 法国和英国著名哲学家法国和英国著名哲学家 第第 35 卷卷 见闻与传奇见闻与传奇 第第 36 卷卷 君王论君王论 第第 37 卷卷 17、18 世纪英国著名哲学家世纪英国著名哲学家 第第 38 卷卷 物理学、医学、外科学和地质物理学、医学、外科学和地质学学 第第 39 卷卷 著名之前言和序言著名之前言和序言 第第 4
5、0 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格雷雷 第第 41 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从科林斯到英文诗集(卷)从科林斯到费兹杰拉德费兹杰拉德 第第 42 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到惠特曼惠特曼 第第 43 卷卷 10001904 第第 44 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷一卷一):孔子孔子 希伯来书希伯来书 基基百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()5/593 督圣经督圣经()第第 45 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷二卷二)基督圣经基督圣经()第第 46 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期
6、戏剧(卷)第第 47 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)第第 48 卷卷 帕斯卡文集帕斯卡文集 第第 49 卷卷 史诗与传说史诗与传说 第第 50 卷卷 哈佛经典讲座哈佛经典讲座 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()6/593 第第 44 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷一卷一):孔子孔子 希伯来书希伯来书 基督基督圣经圣经()INTRODUCTORY NOTE THE name Confucius is the latinized form of the Chinese characters,Kung F
7、oo-tsze,meaning,“The master,Kung.”The bearer of this name was born of an ancient and distinguished family in the district of Tsow,in the present province of Shen-tung,China,B.C.551.His father was a soldier of reputation and governor of Tsow,but not a man of wealth.Confucius married at nineteen,and i
8、n his early manhood held a minor office;but within a few years he became a public teacher,and soon attracted numerous disciples.Rising in reputation,he was invited to the court of Chow,where he investigated the traditional ceremonies and maxims of the ruling dynasty;and in the following year visited
9、 another state where he studied the ancient music.When he was nearly fifty,in the year 500 B.C.,he again took office,becoming in turn chief magistrate of the town of Chung-too,Assistant-Superintendent of Works to the Ruler of Loo,and finally Minister of Crime.In spite of almost miraculous efficiency
10、,he lost the support of his ruler in 496 B.C.;and until his death in 478 B.C.,he wandered from state to state,sometimes well-treated,sometimes enduring severe hardships,always saddened by the refusal of the turbulent potentates to be guided by his beneficent counsels.No sooner was he dead,however,th
11、an his wisdom was recognized by peasant and emperor alike;admiration rose to veneration,veneration to worship.Sacrifices were offered to him,temples built in his honor,and a cult established which has lasted almost two thousand years.Confucius did not regard himself as an innovator,but as the conser
12、vator of ancient truth and ceremonial propriety.He dealt 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()7/593 withneither theology nor metaphysics,but with moral and political conduct.The Lun Yu,Analects or Sayings of Confucius,were probably compiled,says Legge,“by the disciples of the
13、 disciples of the sage,making free use of the written memorials concerning him which they had received,and the oral statements which they had heard,from their several masters.And we shall not be far wrong,if we determine its date as about the beginning of the third,or the end of the fourth century b
14、efore Christ.”THE SAYINGS OF CONFUCIUSI 1 THE MASTER said:“In learning and straightway practising is there not pleasure also?When friends gather round from afar do we not rejoice?Whom lack of fame cannot vex is not he a gentleman?”2 Yu-tzu注 1said:“A dutiful son and brother is seldom fond of thwartin
15、g those over him:a man unwilling to thwart those over him is never given to crime.A gentleman nurses the roots:when the root has taken,the truth will grow;and what are the roots of love,but the duty of son and of brother?”3 The Master said:“Honeyed words and flattering looks seldom speak of love.”4
16、Tseng-tzu注 2said:“Thrice daily I ask myself:Have I been unfaithful in dealing for others?Have I been untrue to friends?Do I practise what I preach?”5 The Master said:“To guide a land of a thousand chariots,honour business,be true and sparing,love the people,and time thy claims upon them.”6 The Maste
17、r said:“The young should be dutiful at home,modest abroad,heedful and true,full of goodwill for the many,close friends with love;and should they have strength to spare,let them spend it upon the arts.”百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()8/593 7 Tzu-hsia注 3said:“If a man hono
18、ur worth and forsake lust,serve father and mother with all his strength,be ready to give his life for the king,and keep faith with his friends;though men may call him rude,I call him learned.”8 The Master said:“Of a gentleman who is frivolous none stand in awe,nor can his learning be sound.Make fait
19、hfulness and truth thy masters:have no friends unlike thyself:be not ashamed to mend thy faults.”9 Tseng-tzu注 4said:“Respect death and recall forefathers,the good in men will again grow sturdy.”10 Tzu-chin注 5said to Tzu-kung:“The Master,on coming to a country,learns all about the government:does he
20、ask,or is it told him?”Tzu-kung said:“The Master learns it by his warmth and honesty,by politeness,modesty,and yielding.The way that the Master asks is unlike other mens asking.”11 The Master said:“As long as his father lives a son should study his wishes;after he is dead,he should study his life.If
21、 for three years he do not forsake his fathers ways,he may be called dutiful.”12 Yu-tzu注 6said:“In daily courtesy ease is of price.This was the beauty of the old kings ways;this they followed in small and great.But knowing this,it is not right to give way to ease,unchecked by courtesy.This also is w
22、rong.”13 Yu-tzu said:“If promises hug the right,word can be kept:if attentions are bounded by courtesy,shame will be banished:heroes may be worshipped,if we choose them aright.”14 The Master said:“A gentleman who is not a greedy eater,nor a lover of ease at home,who is earnest in deed and careful of
23、 speech,who seeks the righteous and profits by them,may be called fond of learning.”15 Tzu-kung said:“Poor,but no flatterer;rich,but not proud.百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 44 卷 圣书(卷一):孔子 希伯来书 基督圣经()9/593 How were that?”“Good,”said the Master;“but better still were poor,yet merry;rich,yet court
24、eous.”Tzu-kung said:“Where the poem says:If ye cut,if ye file,If ye polish and grind;is that what is meant?”The Master said:“Now I can talk of poetry to thee,Tzu.Given a clue,thou canst find the way.”16 The Master said:“Not to be known should not grieve you:grieve that ye know not men.”II 1 THE MAST
25、ER said:“In governing,cleave to good;as the northstar holds his place,and the multitude of stars revolve upon him.”2 The Master said:“To sum up the three hundred songs in a word,they are free from evil thought.”3 The Master said:“Guide the people by law,subdue them by punishment;they may shun crime,
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