第28卷 英国与美国名家随笔(哈佛经典50部英文版).pdf
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1、 第第 28 卷卷 英国与美国名家随笔英国与美国名家随笔 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 2/507 总目录总目录 第第 1 卷卷 富兰克林自传富兰克林自传 第第 2 卷卷 柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多柏拉图对话录:辩解篇、菲多篇、克利多篇篇、克利多篇 第第 3 卷卷 培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯培根论说文集及新阿特兰蒂斯 第第 4 卷卷 约翰米尔顿英文诗全集约翰米尔顿英文诗全集 第第 5 卷卷 爱默生文集爱默生文集 第第 6 卷卷 伯恩斯诗歌集伯恩斯诗歌集 第第 7 卷卷 圣奥古斯丁忏悔录圣奥古斯丁忏悔录 第第 8 卷卷 希腊戏
2、剧希腊戏剧 第第 9 卷卷 论友谊、论老年及书信集论友谊、论老年及书信集 第第 10 卷卷 国富论国富论 第第 11 卷卷 物种起源论物种起源论 第第 12 卷卷 普卢塔克比较列传普卢塔克比较列传 第第 13 卷卷 伊尼亚德伊尼亚德 第第 14 卷卷 唐吉坷德唐吉坷德 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 3/507 第第 15 卷卷 天路历程天路历程 第第 16 卷卷 天方夜谭天方夜谭 第第 17 卷卷 民间传说与预言民间传说与预言 第第 18 卷卷 英国现代戏剧英国现代戏剧 第第 19 卷卷 浮士德浮士德 第第 20 卷卷 神曲
3、神曲 第第 21 卷卷 许婚的爱人许婚的爱人 第第 22 卷卷 奥德赛奥德赛 第第 23 卷卷 两年水手生涯两年水手生涯 第第 24 卷卷 伯克文集伯克文集 第第 25 卷卷 穆勒文集穆勒文集 第第 26 卷卷 欧洲大陆戏剧欧洲大陆戏剧 第第 27 卷卷 英国名家随笔英国名家随笔 第第 28 卷卷 英国与美国名家随笔英国与美国名家随笔 第第 29 卷卷 比格尔号上的旅行比格尔号上的旅行 第第 30 卷卷 科学论文集:物理学、化学、科学论文集:物理学、化学、天文学、地质学天文学、地质学 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 4/507
4、 第第 31 卷卷 切利尼自传切利尼自传 第第 32 卷卷 文学和哲学名家随笔文学和哲学名家随笔 第第33卷卷 古代与现代著名航海与旅行记古代与现代著名航海与旅行记 第第 34 卷卷 法国和英国著名哲学家法国和英国著名哲学家 第第 35 卷卷 见闻与传奇见闻与传奇 第第 36 卷卷 君王论君王论 第第 37 卷卷 17、18 世纪英国著名哲学家世纪英国著名哲学家 第第 38 卷卷 物理学、医学、外科学和地质物理学、医学、外科学和地质学学 第第 39 卷卷 著名之前言和序言著名之前言和序言 第第 40 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格英文诗集(卷)从乔叟到格雷雷 第第 41 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从
5、科林斯到英文诗集(卷)从科林斯到费兹杰拉德费兹杰拉德 第第 42 卷卷 英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到英文诗集(卷)从丁尼生到惠特曼惠特曼 第第 43 卷卷 10001904 第第 44 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷一卷一):孔子孔子 希伯来书希伯来书 基基百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 5/507 督圣经督圣经()第第 45 卷卷 圣书圣书(卷二卷二)基督圣经基督圣经()第第 46 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)第第 47 卷卷 伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)伊丽莎白时期戏剧(卷)第第 48 卷卷 帕斯卡文集帕斯卡文集 第第 4
6、9 卷卷 史诗与传说史诗与传说 第第 50 卷卷 哈佛经典讲座哈佛经典讲座 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 6/507 第第 28 卷卷 英国与美国名家随笔英国与美国名家随笔 JONATHAN SWIFT BY WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY 注 1INTRODUCTORY NOTE WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY,one of the greatest of English novelists,was born at Calcutta,India,on July 18,1811
7、,where his father held an administrative position.He was sent to England at six for his education,which he received at the Charterhouse and Cambridge,after which he began,but did not prosecute,the study oflaw.Having lost his means,in part by gambling,he made up his mindto earn his living as an artis
8、t,and went to Paris to study.He had some natural gift for drawing,which he had already employed in caricature,but,though he made interesting and amusing illustrations for his books,he never acquired any marked technical skill.He now turned to literature,and,on the strength of an appointment as Paris
9、 correspondent of a short-lived radical newspaper,he married.On the failure of the newspaper he took to miscellaneous journalism and the reviewing of books and pictures,his most important work appearing in Frasers Magazine and Punch.In 1840 his wifes mind became clouded,and,though she never recovere
10、d,she lived on till 1894.Success came to Thackeray very slowly.“Catherine,”“The Great Hoggarty Diamond,”“Barry Lyndon,”and several volumes of travel had failed to gain much attention before the“Snob Papers,”issued in Punch in 1846,brought him fame.In the January of the next year“Vanity Fair”began to
11、 appear in monthly numbers,and by the time it was finished Thackeray had taken his place in the front rank of his profession.“Pendennis”followed in 1850,and sustained the prestige he had won.The next year he began lecturing,and delivered in London the lectures on“The English Humourists,”which he rep
12、eated the following 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 7/507 winter in America with much success.“Esmond”had appeared on the eve of his setting sail,and revealed his style at its highest point of perfection,and a tenderer if less powerful touch than“Vanity Fair”had displayed.In 1855“T
13、he Newcomes”appeared,and was followed by a second trip to America,when he lectured on“The Four Georges.”After an unsuccessful attempt to enter Parliament,the novelist resumed his writing with“The Virginians”(1857-59),in which he availed himself of his American experiences.In January of 1860 the Corn
14、hill Magazine was founded,with Thackeray as first editor,and launched on a distinguished career.Most of his later work was published in its pages,but“Lovel the Widower”and the“Adventures of Philip”have not taken a place beside his greater work.In the essays constituting the“Roundabout Papers,”howeve
15、r,he appeared at his easiest and most charming.After a little more than two years he resigned the editorship:and on December 23,1863,he died.Thackerays greatest distinction is,of course,as a novelist,and an estimate of his work in this field is not in place here.But as an essayist he is also great.T
16、he lectures on“The English Humourists,”of which the following paper on“Swift”was the first,were the fruit of an intimate knowledge of the time of Queen Anne,and a warm sympathy with its spirit.And here,as in all his mature work,Thackeray is the master of a style that for ease,suppleness,and range of
17、 effect has seldom been equaled in English.JONATHAN SWIFT IN treating of the English humourists of the past age,it is of the men and of their lives,rather than of their books,that I ask permission to speak to you;and in doing so,you are aware that I cannot hope to entertain you with a merely humorou
18、s or facetious story.Harlequin without his mask is known to present a very sober countenance,and was himself,the story goes,the melancholy patient whom the Doctor advised to go and see 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 8/507 Harlequina man full of cares and perplexities like the rest
19、 of us,whose Self must always be serious to him,under whatever mask or disguise or uniform he presents it to the public.And as all of you here must needs be grave when you think of your own past and present,you will not look to find,in the histories of those whose lives and feelings I am going to tr
20、y and describe to you,a story that is otherwise than serious,and often very sad.If Humour only meant laughter,you would scarcely feel more interest about humorous writers than about the private life of poor Harlequin just mentioned,who possesses in common with these the power of making you laugh.But
21、 the men regarding whose lives and stories your kind presence here shows that you have curiosity and sympathy,appeal to a great number of our other faculties,besides our mere sense of ridicule.The humorous writer professes to awaken and direct your love,your pity,your kindnessyour scorn for untruth,
22、pretension,impostureyour tenderness for the weak,the poor,the oppressed,the unhappy.To the best of his means and ability he comments on all the ordinary actions and passions of life almost.He takes upon himself to be himself to be the week-day preacher,so to speak.Accordingly,as he finds,and speaks,
23、and feels the truth best we regard him,esteem himsometimes love him.And,as his business is to mark other peoples lives and peculiarities,we moralize upon his life when he is gone and yesterdays preacher becomes the text for to-days sermon.Of English parents,and of a good English family of clergymen,
24、Swift was born in Dublin in 1667,seven months after the death of his father,who had come to practise there as a lawyer.The boy went to school at Kilkenny,and afterwards to Trinity College,Dublin,where he got a degree with difficulty,and was wild,and witty,and poor.In 1688,by the recommendation of hi
25、s mother,Swift was received into the family of Sir William Temple,who had known Mrs.Swift in Ireland.He left his patron in 1694,and the next year took orders in Dublin.But he threw up the small 百年哈佛 50 部经典 英文版 Harvard Classics 第 28 卷 英国与美国名家随笔 9/507 Irish preferment which he got and returned to Temp
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